{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029709925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1047788.1047843","title":"A process for evaluating legal knowledge-based systems based upon the context criteria contingency-guidelines framework","display_name":"A process for evaluating legal knowledge-based systems based upon the context criteria contingency-guidelines framework","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029709925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1047788.1047843","mag":"2029709925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1047788.1047843","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1047788.1047843","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Artificial intelligence and law  - ICAIL '03","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102107653","display_name":"Maria Jean J. Hall","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196829312","display_name":"La Trobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxfrp27","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Jean J. Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["La Trobe University Bundoora, Vic., Australia","La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"La Trobe University Bundoora, Vic., Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039427901","display_name":"Richard Hall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3264-3217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196829312","display_name":"La Trobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxfrp27","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["La Trobe University Bundoora, Vic., Australia","La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"La Trobe University Bundoora, Vic., Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018819214","display_name":"John Zeleznikow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8786-2644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Zeleznikow","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK","University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8042,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95131068,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"274","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6202274560928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5712747573852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requirements-engineering","display_name":"Requirements engineering","score":0.47945964336395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4529390335083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.44389280676841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.440798819065094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.43541407585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering-process-group","display_name":"Software Engineering Process Group","score":0.41886451840400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development-process","display_name":"Software development process","score":0.3972586393356323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.37286508083343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.34507274627685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.2827267646789551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26224565505981445}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6202274560928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5712747573852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6604083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376937","display_name":"Requirements engineering","level":3,"score":0.47945964336395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4529390335083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.44389280676841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.440798819065094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.43541407585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44416564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554199","display_name":"Software Engineering Process Group","level":5,"score":0.41886451840400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180152950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2904257","display_name":"Software development process","level":4,"score":0.3972586393356323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.37286508083343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.34507274627685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2827267646789551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26224565505981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1047788.1047843","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1047788.1047843","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Artificial intelligence and law  - ICAIL '03","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.vu.edu.au:10641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://vuir.vu.edu.au/10641/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400215","display_name":"Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","host_organization_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1895087","https://openalex.org/W2252777","https://openalex.org/W116800831","https://openalex.org/W139026548","https://openalex.org/W191415043","https://openalex.org/W809819650","https://openalex.org/W1500151553","https://openalex.org/W1511492360","https://openalex.org/W1547396986","https://openalex.org/W1607142939","https://openalex.org/W1840884391","https://openalex.org/W1965753082","https://openalex.org/W1968488825","https://openalex.org/W1969593469","https://openalex.org/W1975951821","https://openalex.org/W1977107149","https://openalex.org/W1978907657","https://openalex.org/W1981311312","https://openalex.org/W1982024802","https://openalex.org/W1983715483","https://openalex.org/W1985864430","https://openalex.org/W1997210479","https://openalex.org/W2014125277","https://openalex.org/W2041632200","https://openalex.org/W2055425697","https://openalex.org/W2057012437","https://openalex.org/W2057211911","https://openalex.org/W2075369716","https://openalex.org/W2087549404","https://openalex.org/W2105846040","https://openalex.org/W2106580495","https://openalex.org/W2120581177","https://openalex.org/W2158503332","https://openalex.org/W2171816001","https://openalex.org/W2199017332","https://openalex.org/W2491619444","https://openalex.org/W3005115464","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2615628790","https://openalex.org/W2134109003","https://openalex.org/W2624931379","https://openalex.org/W2194846822","https://openalex.org/W2997106507","https://openalex.org/W2108773545","https://openalex.org/W1902733476","https://openalex.org/W1570015765","https://openalex.org/W4211055703","https://openalex.org/W1559518392"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"an":[1,12,156,197,214],"ideal":[2],"world,":[3,30],"a":[4,66,153,207],"legal":[5,19,37,55,98,211,217,229],"knowledge-based":[6,218],"system":[7,129],"would":[8,209],"be":[9],"evaluated":[10],"by":[11,36,146],"evaluator":[13],"with":[14,65,128],"expertise":[15],"in":[16,27,186],"both":[17],"the":[18,28,60,92,97,103,117,120,142,175,187,194,225],"domain":[20,56,99],"and":[21,84,102,123,125,131,152,177,184,192,200,220],"software":[22,42,46,78,111,222],"engineering":[23,43,79,112],"evaluation":[24,63,68,80,121,136,139,202,215,226],"processes.":[25],"However":[26],"real":[29],"this":[31,50,160],"task":[32],"is":[33,165,204],"typically":[34],"undertaken":[35],"professionals,":[38],"who":[39],"may":[40,53],"lack":[41,54],"expertise.":[44,113],"Where":[45],"engineers":[47,223],"do":[48,106],"have":[49],"responsibility,":[51],"they":[52],"knowledge.":[57],"We":[58],"extend":[59],"ISO":[61],"14598":[62],"process":[64,140,176],"novel":[67],"framework":[69,115],"which":[70],"satisfies":[71],"three":[72],"important":[73],"requirements:":[74],"elements":[75],"of":[76,119,144,155,162,189,216,228],"existing":[77],"methodologies":[81],"are":[82,100,169],"integrated":[83],"subsumed,":[85],"making":[86],"them":[87],"more":[88],"readily":[89],"accessible":[90,199],"to":[91,96,133,158],"evaluator;":[93],"requirements":[94,227],"specific":[95],"included;":[101],"intended":[104],"users":[105],"not":[107],"necessarily":[108],"require":[109],"extensive":[110],"The":[114,138],"emphasises":[116],"importance":[118],"context":[122],"goals":[124],"integrates":[126],"these":[127],"properties":[130],"contingency-guidelines":[132],"suggest":[134],"appropriate":[135,163],"criteria.":[137],"supports":[141],"selection":[143],"criteria":[145],"manual,":[147],"semi-automated":[148],"or":[149],"automated":[150],"methods":[151],"design":[154],"architecture":[157],"support":[159],"choice":[161],"criteria,":[164],"presented.":[166],"Two":[167],"evaluations":[168],"discussed":[170],"that":[171],"were":[172],"conducted":[173],"using":[174],"its":[178],"associated":[179],"framework.":[180],"With":[181],"ongoing":[182],"research":[183],"development":[185],"field":[188],"Artificial":[190],"intelligence":[191],"Law,":[193],"need":[195],"for":[196],"easily":[198],"specialized":[201],"methodology":[203],"apparent.":[205],"Such":[206],"method":[208],"assist":[210],"professionals":[212],"frame":[213],"systems":[219],"help":[221],"understand":[224],"professionals.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}