{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983687770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045296","title":"Natural language projects at IBM research","display_name":"Natural language projects at IBM research","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983687770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045296","mag":"1983687770"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1045283.1045296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045296","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045296","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224649","display_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5719","issn":["0163-5719","2331-1673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045296","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024134777","display_name":"George E. Heidorn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George Heidorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, N.Y"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, N.Y","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024134777"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07850365,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"61","first_page":"30","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.19789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.19789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.19249999523162842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.1688999980688095,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.9240366220474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.5476559400558472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5092567205429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4167252480983734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.36047255992889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.15972936153411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15785914659500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.10004076361656189}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.9240366220474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5476559400558472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5092567205429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4167252480983734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36047255992889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.15972936153411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15785914659500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.10004076361656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1045283.1045296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045296","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045296","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224649","display_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5719","issn":["0163-5719","2331-1673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1045283.1045296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045296","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045296","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224649","display_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5719","issn":["0163-5719","2331-1673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1983687770.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1983687770.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2380406803","https://openalex.org/W2051340748","https://openalex.org/W2381566602","https://openalex.org/W4246418678","https://openalex.org/W2159166067","https://openalex.org/W1599620240","https://openalex.org/W4229820691","https://openalex.org/W2063568087","https://openalex.org/W1940793384"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"At":[0],"IBM":[1],"Research":[2],"there":[3],"are":[4,22],"currently":[5],"six":[6],"projects":[7,21],"dealing":[8],"with":[9],"natural":[10],"language,":[11],"each":[12],"of":[13],"which":[14],"is":[15],"described":[16],"in":[17],"this":[18],"issue.":[19],"These":[20],"diverse":[23],"both":[24],"technically":[25],"and":[26],"administratively,":[27],"as":[28],"can":[29],"be":[30],"seen":[31],"from":[32],"the":[33],"following":[34],"summary.":[35]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
