{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2340581863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045292","title":"Pronoun resolution","display_name":"Pronoun resolution","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2340581863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045292","mag":"2340581863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1045283.1045292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045292","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224649","display_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5719","issn":["0163-5719","2331-1673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045292","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060213761","display_name":"Jerry R. Hobbs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125687163","display_name":"City College of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00wmhkr98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125687163"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jerry R. Hobbs","raw_affiliation_strings":["City College, Cuny"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City College, Cuny","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125687163"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060213761"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125687163"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0125,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95518757,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"61","first_page":"28","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronoun","display_name":"Pronoun","score":0.8046689629554749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7666611671447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antecedent","display_name":"Antecedent (behavioral psychology)","score":0.6893313527107239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.6397545337677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6183441281318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.5356305241584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5235462188720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coreference","display_name":"Coreference","score":0.5108422636985779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.48680731654167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.47940918803215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noun","display_name":"Noun","score":0.46207383275032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noun-phrase","display_name":"Noun phrase","score":0.44812411069869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.40968453884124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08613669872283936}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778551981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36224","display_name":"Pronoun","level":2,"score":0.8046689629554749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7666611671447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781256819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16828835","display_name":"Antecedent (behavioral psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6893313527107239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.6397545337677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6183441281318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.5356305241584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5235462188720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28076734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63087","display_name":"Coreference","level":3,"score":0.5108422636985779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.48680731654167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.47940918803215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121934690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1084","display_name":"Noun","level":2,"score":0.46207383275032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153962237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401131","display_name":"Noun phrase","level":3,"score":0.44812411069869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.40968453884124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08613669872283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1045283.1045292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045292","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224649","display_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5719","issn":["0163-5719","2331-1673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1045283.1045292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1045283.1045292","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045283.1045292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224649","display_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5719","issn":["0163-5719","2331-1673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGART Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2340581863.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2340581863.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3096231636","https://openalex.org/W2251064706","https://openalex.org/W1539566881","https://openalex.org/W4387184536","https://openalex.org/W2164455818","https://openalex.org/W2576227650","https://openalex.org/W2171828761","https://openalex.org/W2069989919","https://openalex.org/W2032869331","https://openalex.org/W3089213124"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"approaches":[1],"to":[2,48,153,161,175,210],"the":[3,20,25,28,39,55,84,102,154,163,169,177,217,226,239,242,247,261],"problem":[4],"of":[5,24,27,38,54,86,89,120,126,138,171,225,235,241,250],"pronoun":[6,62,109,199,258],"resolution":[7,110,259],"are":[8,143,254],"presented.":[9],"The":[10,44,74,123,156,181,206],"first":[11,157,218],"is":[12,46,106,111],"a":[13,31,60,64,114,135,148,198,204,222],"naive":[14,243],"algorithm":[15,45,75],"that":[16,97,256],"works":[17],"by":[18,72,133,166,216],"traversing":[19],"surface":[21],"parse":[22],"trees":[23],"sentences":[26],"text":[29,227],"in":[30,80,113,147,151,197],"particular":[32],"order":[33],"looking":[34],"for":[35,117,231],"noun":[36],"phrases":[37],"correct":[40],"gender":[41],"and":[42,63,146,174,188,228,237,252],"number.":[43],"shown":[47,107],"incorporate":[49],"many,":[50],"though":[51],"not":[52,78,214],"all,":[53],"constraints":[56],"on":[57,168],"co-referentiality":[58],"between":[59,179],"nonreflective":[61],"possible":[65],"antecedent,":[66],"which":[67,131,142],"have":[68],"been":[69],"discovered":[70],"recently":[71],"linguists.":[73],"clearly":[76],"does":[77],"work":[79,132],"all":[81],"cases,":[82],"but":[83],"results":[85],"an":[87,232],"examination":[88],"several":[90],"hundred":[91],"examples":[92,249],"from":[93],"published":[94],"texts":[95],"show":[96],"it":[98,105],"performs":[99],"remarkably":[100],"well.In":[101],"second":[103],"approach,":[104],"how":[108],"handled":[112],"comprehensive":[115],"system":[116,124],"semantic":[118,129,262],"analysis":[119],"English":[121],"texts.":[122],"consists":[125],"four":[127],"basic":[128],"operations":[130,159,194],"accessing":[134],"data":[136],"base":[137],"'World":[139,229],"knowledge\"":[140,230],"inferences,":[141],"drawn":[144],"selectively":[145],"context-dependent":[149],"way":[150],"response":[152],"operations.":[155],"two":[158],"seek":[160],"satisfy":[162],"demands":[164],"made":[165],"predicates":[167],"nature":[170],"their":[172],"arguments":[173],"discover":[176],"relations":[178],"sentences.":[180],"third":[182],"operation":[183,208],"-":[184,186],"knitting":[185],"recognizes":[187],"merges":[189],"redundant":[190],"expressions.":[191],"These":[192],"three":[193],"frequently":[195],"result":[196],"reference":[200],"being":[201],"resolved":[202,215],"as":[203],"by-product.":[205],"fourth":[207],"seeks":[209],"resolve":[211],"those":[212],"pronouns":[213],"three.":[219],"It":[220],"involves":[221],"bidirectional":[223],"search":[224],"appropriate":[233],"chain":[234],"inference":[236],"utilizes":[238],"efficiency":[240],"algorithm.Four":[244],"examples,":[245],"including":[246],"classic":[248],"Winograd":[251],"Charniak,":[253],"presented":[255],"demonstrate":[257],"within":[260],"approach.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
