{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036514392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022540","title":"The (Im)maturity level of software testing","display_name":"The (Im)maturity level of software testing","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036514392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022540","mag":"2036514392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1022494.1022540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921487","display_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","issn_l":"0163-5948","issn":["0163-5948","1943-5843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061991704","display_name":"Antonia Bertolino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-1356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonia Bertolino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"A. Faedo\"-ISTI-CNR, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"A. Faedo\"-ISTI-CNR, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061991704"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82581649,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"5","first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-testing","display_name":"Regression testing","score":0.7780705690383911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-regression-testing","display_name":"Non-regression testing","score":0.7028707265853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-reliability-testing","display_name":"Software reliability testing","score":0.6313883066177368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manual-testing","display_name":"Manual testing","score":0.5738680362701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5724748969078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-performance-testing","display_name":"Software performance testing","score":0.5601320862770081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-strategy","display_name":"Test strategy","score":0.5491660833358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5137332677841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-driven-testing","display_name":"Keyword-driven testing","score":0.5042964220046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-box-testing","display_name":"White-box testing","score":0.4913858473300934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-integration-testing","display_name":"System integration testing","score":0.47465378046035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.4701816141605377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.46523064374923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-testing","display_name":"Software testing","score":0.4629778265953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-based-testing","display_name":"Risk-based testing","score":0.45932716131210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warrant","display_name":"Warrant","score":0.4464765787124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-management-approach","display_name":"Test Management Approach","score":0.42235758900642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.4043505787849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.39486366510391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.36056071519851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.28795334696769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24918845295906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12019571661949158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.06923031806945801}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161821725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917415","display_name":"Regression testing","level":5,"score":0.7780705690383911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86469151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917415","display_name":"Non-regression testing","level":5,"score":0.7028707265853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52928878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554226","display_name":"Software reliability testing","level":5,"score":0.6313883066177368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182122060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6752328","display_name":"Manual testing","level":5,"score":0.5738680362701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5724748969078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178059732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1982529","display_name":"Software performance testing","level":5,"score":0.5601320862770081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188598960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705805","display_name":"Test strategy","level":3,"score":0.5491660833358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5137332677841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169168650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1675637","display_name":"Keyword-driven testing","level":5,"score":0.5042964220046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162443782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066228","display_name":"White-box testing","level":5,"score":0.4913858473300934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111524372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663718","display_name":"System integration testing","level":5,"score":0.47465378046035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4701816141605377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.46523064374923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984328558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188522","display_name":"Software testing","level":3,"score":0.4629778265953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37945671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336207","display_name":"Risk-based testing","level":5,"score":0.45932716131210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776916960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637156","display_name":"Warrant","level":2,"score":0.4464765787124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7435765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705776","display_name":"Test Management Approach","level":5,"score":0.42235758900642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.4043505787849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.39486366510391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.36056071519851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.28795334696769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24918845295906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12019571661949158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.06923031806945801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1022494.1022540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921487","display_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","issn_l":"0163-5948","issn":["0163-5948","1943-5843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.133.598","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.133.598","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.drexel.edu/~souter/cs576/w05/reading/bertolino.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.597.8596","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.597.8596","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://squall.sce.carleton.ca/WERST2004/accepted_papers/AB.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10833752","https://openalex.org/W1488690968","https://openalex.org/W1518586892","https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1987631459","https://openalex.org/W2027483357","https://openalex.org/W2055975932","https://openalex.org/W2068127755","https://openalex.org/W2071112258","https://openalex.org/W2116082941","https://openalex.org/W2121528215","https://openalex.org/W2134691366","https://openalex.org/W2139500589","https://openalex.org/W2335968944","https://openalex.org/W4233665247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3214776400","https://openalex.org/W2513279291","https://openalex.org/W2186418558","https://openalex.org/W2552042032","https://openalex.org/W2134394102","https://openalex.org/W186259066","https://openalex.org/W2335749738","https://openalex.org/W17857273","https://openalex.org/W3133844515","https://openalex.org/W1508028241"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"large":[1],"gap":[2],"exists":[3],"between":[4],"the":[5,12,41],"state-of-the-art":[6],"in":[7,34],"software":[8,15,35,82],"testing":[9,16,36,83],"literature,":[10],"and":[11],"state":[13],"of":[14,43,52],"practice.":[17],"Empirical":[18,32],"research":[19],"should":[20],"(and":[21],"could)":[22],"play":[23],"a":[24],"first":[25],"class":[26],"role":[27],"for":[28,45],"bridging":[29],"this":[30],"gap.":[31],"studies":[33,68],"have":[37],"focused":[38],"mainly":[39],"on":[40],"evaluation":[42],"techniques":[44],"test":[46,53,75],"case":[47],"selection.":[48],"But":[49],"effective":[50],"selection":[51],"cases":[54],"by":[55],"itself":[56],"is":[57],"not":[58],"sufficient":[59],"to":[60,69,79],"warrant":[61],"successful":[62],"testing:":[63],"we":[64],"need":[65],"also":[66],"empirical":[67],"start":[70],"collecting":[71],"proven":[72],"patterns":[73],"that":[74],"practitioners":[76],"can":[77],"use":[78],"predictably":[80],"solve":[81],"problems.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}