{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096971894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022498","title":"Risks to the public in computers and related systems","display_name":"Risks to the public in computers and related systems","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096971894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022498","mag":"2096971894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1022494.1022498","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921487","display_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","issn_l":"0163-5948","issn":["0163-5948","1943-5843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015261693","display_name":"Peter G. Neumann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1197-8000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter G. Neumann","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRI International, CA","SRI International EL-243,Menlo Park CA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRI International, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRI International EL-243,Menlo Park CA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015261693"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.672,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98726696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"5","first_page":"13","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.6110000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.6110000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.5388000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/file-transfer-protocol","display_name":"File Transfer Protocol","score":0.6805567145347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6153240203857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.36962369084358215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3663554787635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.25107505917549133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169485995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42283","display_name":"File Transfer Protocol","level":3,"score":0.6805567145347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6153240203857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.36962369084358215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3663554787635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.25107505917549133}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1022494.1022498","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022494.1022498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921487","display_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","issn_l":"0163-5948","issn":["0163-5948","1943-5843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2092826572"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2349516242","https://openalex.org/W2378353542","https://openalex.org/W2274312645","https://openalex.org/W2358003099","https://openalex.org/W2373243130","https://openalex.org/W2479761186","https://openalex.org/W3088189910","https://openalex.org/W2389928460","https://openalex.org/W2351853150"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Edited":[0],"by":[1,22],"Peter":[2],"G.":[3],"Neumann":[4],"(Risks":[5],"Forum":[6],"Moderator":[7],"and":[8,16,33,48,63,88,104,110,124,131,142],"Chairman":[9],"of":[10,35,115,129,171],"the":[11,36,69,159,169,172],"ACM":[12,173],"Committee":[13],"on":[14,57],"Computers":[15],"Public":[17],"Policy),":[18],"plus":[19],"personal":[20],"contributions":[21],"others,":[23],"as":[24,138,140,152],"indicated.":[25],"Opinions":[26],"expressed":[27],"are":[28,96,174],"individual":[29],"rather":[30],"than":[31],"organizational,":[32],"all":[34],"usual":[37],"disclaimers":[38],"apply.":[39],"We":[40],"address":[41],"problems":[42],"relating":[43],"to":[44,66,102,148],"software,":[45],"hardware,":[46],"people,":[47],"other":[49],"circumstances":[50],"that":[51],"affect":[52],"computer":[53],"systems.":[54],"To":[55],"economize":[56],"space,":[58],"we":[59],"tersify":[60],"most":[61],"items":[62,67,84,133,147],"include":[64],"pointers":[65],"in":[68],"online":[70,176],"Risks":[71],"Forum:":[72],"(R":[73,121],"i":[74,79,122],"j)":[75],"denotes":[76],"RISKS":[77,83,94,130,151],"vol":[78],"number":[80],"j.":[81],"Cited":[82],"generally":[85],"identify":[86],"contributors":[87],"sources,":[89],"together":[90],"with":[91],"URLs.":[92],"Official":[93],"archives":[95],"available":[97,135],"at":[98,125,136,163],"www.risks.org":[99],"(which":[100],"redirects":[101],"Newcastle":[103],"gets":[105,119],"you":[106,120],"nice":[107],"html":[108],"formatting":[109],"a":[111,153],"search":[112],"engine":[113],"courtesy":[114],"Lindsay":[116],"Marshall;":[117],"http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/i.j.html":[118],"j);":[123],"ftp://www.sri.com/risks.A":[126],"cumulative":[127],"summary":[128],"SEN":[132],"is":[134],"http://www.CSL.sri.com/neumann/illustrative.html":[137],"well":[139],"ftp://ftp.csl.sri.com/illustrative.ps":[141],"pdf.":[143],"Please":[144],"send":[145],"RISKS-related":[146],"risks@CSL.sri.com.":[149],"Read":[150],"newsgroup":[154],"(comp.risks),":[155],"or":[156],"subscribe":[157],"via":[158],"automated":[160],"list":[161],"server":[162],"risks-request@CSL.sri.com.":[164],"\"Inside":[165],"Risks\"":[166],"columns":[167],"from":[168],"Communications":[170],"also":[175],"(http://www.csl.sri.com/neumann/insiderisks.html).":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
