{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013794275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022356.1022357","title":"Has the microsoft of today become the IBM of the late '80s?","display_name":"Has the microsoft of today become the IBM of the late '80s?","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013794275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022356.1022357","mag":"2013794275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1022356.1022357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022356.1022357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134936796","display_name":"Ubiquity","issn_l":"1530-2180","issn":["1530-2180"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ubiquity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103440370","display_name":"Espen Andersen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Espen Andersen","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103440370"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2513603,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2004","issue":"July","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.07699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.07699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.06610000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.06530000269412994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.8904585838317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.666691780090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6215935945510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5917485952377319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microsoft-office","display_name":"Microsoft Office","score":0.51173996925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.46537846326828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4472877085208893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.38568711280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.36235618591308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.05406653881072998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.8904585838317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.666691780090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6215935945510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5917485952377319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523788702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11255","display_name":"Microsoft Office","level":2,"score":0.51173996925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.46537846326828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4472877085208893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.38568711280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.36235618591308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.05406653881072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1022356.1022357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1022356.1022357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134936796","display_name":"Ubiquity","issn_l":"1530-2180","issn":["1530-2180"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ubiquity","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3126131865","https://openalex.org/W2044344400","https://openalex.org/W4253186488","https://openalex.org/W1996938127","https://openalex.org/W2083611981","https://openalex.org/W2043380045","https://openalex.org/W2398322655","https://openalex.org/W2524838473","https://openalex.org/W3081879387","https://openalex.org/W628040712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microsoft":[0],"is":[1],"the":[2],"chief":[3],"target":[4],"of":[5,7],"accusations":[6],"unfair":[8],"competition,":[9],"buggy":[10],"software,":[11],"and":[12],"general":[13],"conspiracy":[14],"theories.":[15],"The":[16],"company":[17],"could":[18],"learn":[19],"a":[20],"few":[21],"tricks":[22],"from":[23],"an":[24],"old":[25],"dog":[26],"like":[27],"IBM.":[28]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}