{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042729995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1015706.1015782","title":"Protected interactive 3D graphics via remote rendering","display_name":"Protected interactive 3D graphics via remote rendering","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042729995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1015706.1015782","mag":"2042729995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1015706.1015782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1015706.1015782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11383/1492754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055932717","display_name":"David Koller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Koller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032296549","display_name":"Michael Turitzin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Turitzin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108804931","display_name":"Marc Levoy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Levoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088977284","display_name":"Marco Tarini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2301-3173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Tarini","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISTI-CNR, Italy","ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI-CNR, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072966975","display_name":"Giuseppe Croccia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Croccia","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISTI-CNR, Italy","ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI-CNR, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049441601","display_name":"Paolo Cignoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-8567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Cignoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISTI-CNR, Italy","ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI-CNR, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013546425","display_name":"Roberto Scopigno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Scopigno","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISTI-CNR, Italy","ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI-CNR, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTI - CNR, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.5811,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":126,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98938649,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"3","first_page":"695","last_page":"703"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.874241828918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8137606382369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5831145644187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.5566109418869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-model","display_name":"3d model","score":0.48676323890686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tiled-rendering","display_name":"Tiled rendering","score":0.47255298495292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-rendering","display_name":"3D rendering","score":0.4661242961883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-based-modeling-and-rendering","display_name":"Image-based modeling and rendering","score":0.46198517084121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-rendering","display_name":"Real-time rendering","score":0.45821210741996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guard","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","score":0.4278287887573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-computer-graphics","display_name":"3D computer graphics","score":0.4122235178947449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.38631999492645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-rendering","display_name":"Software rendering","score":0.3392940163612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2653997540473938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.874241828918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8137606382369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5831145644187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.5566109418869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019007443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568742","display_name":"3d model","level":2,"score":0.48676323890686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189059883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7802119","display_name":"Tiled rendering","level":5,"score":0.47255298495292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36816356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16911860","display_name":"3D rendering","level":3,"score":0.4661242961883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44185422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002064","display_name":"Image-based modeling and rendering","level":3,"score":0.46198517084121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116921373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2816483","display_name":"Real-time rendering","level":3,"score":0.45821210741996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141141315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379942","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4278287887573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66629338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189177","display_name":"3D computer graphics","level":3,"score":0.4122235178947449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.38631999492645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109772839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297645","display_name":"Software rendering","level":4,"score":0.3392940163612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2653997540473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1015706.1015782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1015706.1015782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irinsubria.uninsubria.it:11383/1492754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11383/1492754","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11383/1492754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196351","display_name":"IrInSubria (University of Insubria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I115752224","host_organization_name":"University of Insubria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115752224"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:people______::757493c03408427571f940a4eb3c7955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openportal.isti.cnr.it/doc?id=people______::757493c03408427571f940a4eb3c7955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055261","display_name":"ISTI Open Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM transactions on graphics 23 (2004): 695\u2013703. doi:10.1145/1015706.1015782","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irinsubria.uninsubria.it:11383/1492754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11383/1492754","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11383/1492754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196351","display_name":"IrInSubria (University of Insubria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I115752224","host_organization_name":"University of Insubria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115752224"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6630544509","display_name":"ITR: Solving the Puzzle of the Forma Urbis Romae","funder_award_id":"0113427","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2042729995.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2042729995.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971719398","https://openalex.org/W1972319255","https://openalex.org/W1986049249","https://openalex.org/W1986849647","https://openalex.org/W2000493547","https://openalex.org/W2017863789","https://openalex.org/W2056798562","https://openalex.org/W2063366997","https://openalex.org/W2104974755","https://openalex.org/W2113463169","https://openalex.org/W2113634802","https://openalex.org/W2117007522","https://openalex.org/W2118304946","https://openalex.org/W2146567535","https://openalex.org/W2168159627","https://openalex.org/W2169877261","https://openalex.org/W2294985758","https://openalex.org/W2911709767","https://openalex.org/W4234969819","https://openalex.org/W4242194656","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366215510","https://openalex.org/W2067132795","https://openalex.org/W2185876354","https://openalex.org/W2407724398","https://openalex.org/W2187985480","https://openalex.org/W4237178794","https://openalex.org/W326276698","https://openalex.org/W2393782831","https://openalex.org/W2403188927","https://openalex.org/W2186557420"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Valuable":[0],"3D":[1,39,55,60,70,79,107],"graphical":[2],"models,":[3,80],"such":[4,110,134],"as":[5,111],"high-resolution":[6,91],"digital":[7],"scans":[8],"of":[9,54,68,77,90,102,130],"cultural":[10],"heritage":[11],"objects,":[12],"may":[13],"require":[14],"protection":[15],"to":[16,94,104],"prevent":[17],"piracy":[18],"or":[19],"misuse,":[20],"while":[21,57],"still":[22],"allowing":[23],"for":[24,37,51,154],"interactive":[25,152],"display":[26],"and":[27,42,81,87,113,117,120,138],"manipulation":[28],"by":[29],"a":[30,46,69,82,100,135],"widespread":[31],"audience.":[32],"We":[33,125],"have":[34,44],"investigated":[35],"techniques":[36],"protecting":[38,58],"graphics":[40],"content,":[41],"we":[43,139],"developed":[45],"remote":[47],"rendering":[48,83,136],"system":[49,66],"suitable":[50],"sharing":[52],"archives":[53],"models":[56,92],"the":[59,78,122,151],"geometry":[61],"from":[62],"unauthorized":[63],"extraction.":[64],"The":[65,97],"consists":[67],"viewer":[71],"client":[72,95],"that":[73,85],"includes":[74],"low-resolution":[75],"versions":[76],"server":[84,98],"renders":[86],"returns":[88],"images":[89],"according":[93],"requests.":[96],"implements":[99],"number":[101],"defenses":[103],"guard":[105],"against":[106,147],"reconstruction":[108,131],"attacks,":[109],"monitoring":[112],"limiting":[114],"request":[115],"streams,":[116],"slightly":[118],"perturbing":[119],"distorting":[121],"rendered":[123],"images.":[124],"consider":[126],"several":[127],"possible":[128],"types":[129],"attacks":[132,143],"on":[133],"server,":[137],"examine":[140],"how":[141],"these":[142],"can":[144],"be":[145],"defended":[146],"without":[148],"excessively":[149],"compromising":[150],"experience":[153],"non-malicious":[155],"users.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
