{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389083850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923500305","title":"Krill Herd and Feed Forward Optimization System-Based Routing Protocol for IoT-MANET Environment","display_name":"Krill Herd and Feed Forward Optimization System-Based Routing Protocol for IoT-MANET Environment","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389083850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923500305"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219265923500305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923500305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63112013","display_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","issn_l":"0219-2659","issn":["0219-2659","1793-6713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037840476","display_name":"S. Sugumaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7662-3170"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Sugumaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, Sreenivasa Institute of Technology and Management Studies, Chittoor, AP, India","Department of ECE, Sreenivasa Institute of Technology, and Management Studies, Chittoor, AP, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7662-3170","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Sreenivasa Institute of Technology and Management Studies, Chittoor, AP, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Sreenivasa Institute of Technology, and Management Studies, Chittoor, AP, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108668533","display_name":"V. Sivasankaran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I464993","display_name":"Barkatullah University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ax13658","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Sivasankaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, VIT Bhopal University, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3428-5310","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, VIT Bhopal University, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068330336","display_name":"M. G. Chitra","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. G. Chitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, M.M.E.S Women\u2019s Arts and Science College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4976-752X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, M.M.E.S Women\u2019s Arts and Science College, Melvisharam, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037840476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19144402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"04","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9401000142097473,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7556478977203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7243729829788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6331772804260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6117949485778809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4572159945964813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4480736553668976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","score":0.43030470609664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.42657703161239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4145187735557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.21187493205070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1209401786327362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10754448175430298}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7556478977203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7243729829788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6331772804260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6117949485778809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4572159945964813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4480736553668976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91280400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.43030470609664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.42657703161239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4145187735557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.21187493205070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1209401786327362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10754448175430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219265923500305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923500305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63112013","display_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","issn_l":"0219-2659","issn":["0219-2659","1793-6713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71146129","https://openalex.org/W1973830197","https://openalex.org/W1975520658","https://openalex.org/W1985460844","https://openalex.org/W2052261227","https://openalex.org/W2217497175","https://openalex.org/W2488425821","https://openalex.org/W2783232918","https://openalex.org/W2788558190","https://openalex.org/W2807253952","https://openalex.org/W2808758569","https://openalex.org/W2886506324","https://openalex.org/W2901672484","https://openalex.org/W2913300069","https://openalex.org/W2954472287","https://openalex.org/W2979921331","https://openalex.org/W2984448288","https://openalex.org/W3011395188","https://openalex.org/W3096673896","https://openalex.org/W3107584878","https://openalex.org/W3155086981","https://openalex.org/W3158254652","https://openalex.org/W3161023489","https://openalex.org/W3173500524","https://openalex.org/W3180918707","https://openalex.org/W3194535035","https://openalex.org/W4213448761","https://openalex.org/W4242436926","https://openalex.org/W4280647631","https://openalex.org/W4281935388","https://openalex.org/W4296482002","https://openalex.org/W4303644401","https://openalex.org/W4318478310"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136583354","https://openalex.org/W2111238207","https://openalex.org/W2760721665","https://openalex.org/W2991412636","https://openalex.org/W2989915292","https://openalex.org/W3197075707","https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W2890570089","https://openalex.org/W330130819","https://openalex.org/W2288610023"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,17,28,54,89,133,145,183,209],"Internet":[1,26],"of":[2,12,20,31,40,102,186,203],"Things":[3],"(IoT)":[4],"is":[5,35,214,224,230,249],"a":[6,21,60],"developing":[7],"technology":[8],"in":[9,64,100,168,206,216,259],"the":[10,32,38,41,73,97,143,150,166,169,173,187,192,200,204,207,240,247,256,260],"world":[11],"communication":[13],"and":[14,43,82,112,136,157,171,175,198,220,246],"embedded":[15],"systems.":[16],"IoT":[18,65,118],"consists":[19],"wireless":[22],"sensor":[23,33],"network":[24,155,170,228],"with":[25,129],"service.":[27],"data":[29,42],"size":[30],"node":[34,218],"small,":[36],"but":[37],"routing":[39,131],"energy":[44,159,201,222],"consumption":[45],"are":[46,70,77,120,253],"important":[47,62],"issues":[48,94],"that":[49],"need":[50],"to":[51,124,181],"be":[52],"advocated.":[53],"Mobile":[55],"Adhoc":[56],"Network":[57],"(MANET)":[58],"plays":[59],"very":[61],"role":[63],"services.":[66],"In":[67,115],"MANET,":[68],"nodes":[69,128,167,205],"moving":[71],"within":[72],"network.":[74,151,208,261],"So,":[75],"routes":[76,99,119],"created":[78,121],"dynamically":[79],"on":[80],"demand":[81],"do":[83],"not":[84],"have":[85],"any":[86],"centralized":[87],"units.":[88],"route":[90,110,178],"optimization":[91,162],"method":[92,141,153],"addresses":[93],"like":[95],"selecting":[96],"best":[98],"terms":[101],"overhead,":[103],"loop":[104],"free,":[105],"traffic":[106],"control,":[107],"balancing,":[108],"throughput,":[109],"maintenance,":[111],"so":[113],"on.":[114],"this":[116],"paper,":[117],"between":[122],"sensors":[123],"sink":[125],"through":[126],"MANET":[127],"WSN":[130],"ideology.":[132],"Krill":[134,146],"Herd":[135],"Feed":[137],"Forward":[138],"Optimization":[139],"(KH-FFO)-based":[140],"discovers":[142],"routes.":[144],"herd":[147],"algorithm":[148],"clusters":[149],"This":[152],"increases":[154],"speed":[156],"reduces":[158],"waste.":[160],"Feed-forward":[161],"involves":[163],"learning":[164],"all":[165],"identifying":[172],"shortest":[174],"most":[176],"energy-efficient":[177],"from":[179],"source":[180],"sink.":[182],"overall":[184],"performance":[185],"KH-FFO":[188,213],"protocol":[189],"has":[190],"improved":[191,237,243],"network\u2019s":[193],"capacity,":[194],"reduced":[195],"packet":[196],"loss,":[197],"increased":[199,225,231],"utilization":[202,223],"ns-3":[210],"simulation":[211],"for":[212],"tested":[215],"different":[217],"densities":[219],"observed":[221],"by":[226,232,238,244],"28%,":[227],"life":[229],"7%,":[233],"Packet":[234],"delivery":[235],"ratio":[236],"7.5%,":[239],"End-to-End":[241],"delay":[242],"31%":[245],"Throughput":[248],"3%.":[250],"These":[251],"metrices":[252],"better":[254],"than":[255],"existing":[257],"works":[258]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
