{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950888016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012905412050001x","title":"Towards Round-Optimal Secure Multiparty Computations: Multikey FHE Without a CRS","display_name":"Towards Round-Optimal Secure Multiparty Computations: Multikey FHE Without a CRS","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950888016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012905412050001x","mag":"2950888016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s012905412050001x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012905412050001x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100616087","display_name":"Eunkyung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3558-7086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155180","display_name":"Samsung SDS (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/0476bn305","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155180"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eunkyung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Security Research Team, Samsung SDS, E tower, Seongchongil 56, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06765, Republic of Korea","[Samsung]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Security Research Team, Samsung SDS, E tower, Seongchongil 56, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06765, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Samsung]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090590808","display_name":"Hyang-Sook Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9506-5760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138925566","display_name":"Ewha Womans University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fp5c05","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyang-Sook Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodaegil 52, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea","Department of Mathematics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodaegil 52, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089474589","display_name":"Jeongeun Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0557-3540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138925566","display_name":"Ewha Womans University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fp5c05","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeongeun Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodaegil 52, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea","[EWHA WOMANS UNIVERSITY]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodaegil 52, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[EWHA WOMANS UNIVERSITY]","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100616087"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4387155180"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00579912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"02","first_page":"157","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11693","display_name":"Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7525238990783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-multi-party-computation","display_name":"Secure multi-party computation","score":0.6583496928215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6221423745155334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.39766448736190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.255362331867218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7525238990783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18396474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465888","display_name":"Secure multi-party computation","level":3,"score":0.6583496928215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6221423745155334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39766448736190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.255362331867218}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s012905412050001x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012905412050001x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2950888016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprint.iacr.org/2018/1156.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764847869","display_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614454"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cryptology ePrint Archive"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56544557","https://openalex.org/W74973629","https://openalex.org/W198033559","https://openalex.org/W2007466965","https://openalex.org/W2048994663","https://openalex.org/W2296488250","https://openalex.org/W2499340481","https://openalex.org/W2620838540","https://openalex.org/W2794956529","https://openalex.org/W2921955359"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991092021","https://openalex.org/W3192883662","https://openalex.org/W2127948853","https://openalex.org/W2761290792","https://openalex.org/W2113474134","https://openalex.org/W3107240426","https://openalex.org/W2783527116","https://openalex.org/W1578557506","https://openalex.org/W2795683403","https://openalex.org/W626485627","https://openalex.org/W654656822","https://openalex.org/W2102090397","https://openalex.org/W1524735451","https://openalex.org/W1533418740","https://openalex.org/W2743930051","https://openalex.org/W2550281513","https://openalex.org/W3195052898","https://openalex.org/W1538820230","https://openalex.org/W3026282103","https://openalex.org/W1551124946"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multikey":[0],"fully":[1,29],"homomorphic":[2,6,30],"encryption":[3,31],"(MFHE)":[4],"allows":[5],"operations":[7],"between":[8],"ciphertexts":[9],"encrypted":[10],"under":[11],"different":[12],"keys.":[13,161],"In":[14,51,118],"applications":[15],"for":[16,93],"secure":[17,59,101,128,183],"multiparty":[18],"computation":[19,47],"(MPC)":[20],"protocols,":[21],"MFHE":[22,67,133,152,170],"can":[23],"be":[24,208],"more":[25],"advantageous":[26],"than":[27],"usual":[28],"(FHE)":[32],"since":[33],"users":[34,155],"do":[35],"not":[36],"need":[37],"to":[38,96,124,146,153,156,201],"agree":[39],"with":[40,70,89],"a":[41,58,71,98,182,195,204],"common":[42,72,141],"public":[43],"key":[44,77],"before":[45],"the":[46,85,90,140,148,165,212],"when":[48],"using":[49,116,151],"MFHE.":[50,117],"EUROCRYPT":[52],"2016,":[53],"Mukherjee":[54],"and":[55,127,178,217],"Wichs":[56],"constructed":[57],"MPC":[60,102,111,129,184],"protocol":[61,185],"in":[62,76,107,135,189],"only":[63],"two":[64],"rounds":[65],"via":[66],"which":[68],"deals":[69],"random/reference":[73],"string":[74],"(CRS)":[75],"generation.":[78],"After":[79],"then,":[80],"Brakerski":[81],"et":[82],"al.":[83],"replaced":[84],"role":[86],"of":[87,110,150],"CRS":[88,94,173],"distributed":[91],"setup":[92],"calculation":[95],"form":[97],"four":[99],"round":[100,108],"protocol.":[103],"Thus,":[104],"recent":[105],"improvements":[106],"complexity":[109],"protocols":[112],"have":[113],"been":[114],"made":[115],"this":[119],"paper,":[120],"we":[121,163,180],"go":[122],"further":[123],"obtain":[125,181],"round-efficient":[126],"protocols.":[130],"The":[131],"underlying":[132],"schemes":[134],"previous":[136],"works":[137],"still":[138],"involve":[139],"value,":[142],"CRS,":[143],"it":[144],"seems":[145],"weaken":[147],"power":[149],"allow":[154],"independently":[157],"generate":[158],"their":[159],"own":[160],"Therefore,":[162],"resolve":[164],"issue":[166],"by":[167],"constructing":[168],"an":[169],"scheme":[171,219],"without":[172],"based":[174],"on":[175],"LWE":[176],"assumption,":[177],"then":[179],"against":[186],"semi-malicious":[187],"security":[188,197],"three":[190],"rounds.":[191],"We":[192],"also":[193],"define":[194],"new":[196],"notion":[198],"\u201cmultikey-CPA":[199],"security\u201d":[200],"prove":[202],"that":[203],"multikey":[205],"ciphertext":[206],"cannot":[207],"decrypted":[209],"unless":[210],"all":[211],"secret":[213],"keys":[214],"are":[215],"gathered":[216],"our":[218],"is":[220],"multikey-CPA":[221],"secure.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-13T15:27:49.765798","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}