{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208090188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2424922x21410023","title":"CatBoost \u2014 An Ensemble Machine Learning Model for Prediction and Classification of Student Academic Performance","display_name":"CatBoost \u2014 An Ensemble Machine Learning Model for Prediction and Classification of Student Academic Performance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208090188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2424922x21410023","mag":"3208090188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s2424922x21410023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2424922x21410023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189353","display_name":"Advances in Data Science and Adaptive Analysis","issn_l":"2424-922X","issn":["2424-922X","2424-9238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Data Science and Adaptive Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001762136","display_name":"Abhisht Joshi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799452066","display_name":"Maharaja Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/034pbde03","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799452066","https://openalex.org/I33585257"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abhisht Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, GGSIPU, Delhi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, GGSIPU, Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799452066","https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088063894","display_name":"Pranay Saggar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802539864","display_name":"Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8rz176","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802539864"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranay Saggar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guru Teg Bahadur Institute of Technology, GGSIPU, Delhi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guru Teg Bahadur Institute of Technology, GGSIPU, Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802539864","https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006430969","display_name":"Rajat Jain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4212-7109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajat Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101983652","display_name":"Moolchand Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-5999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moolchand Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-5999","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034853815","display_name":"Deepak Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3019-7161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089689368","display_name":"Ashish Khanna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8418-3929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashish Khanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MAIT, GGSIPU, Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001762136"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292","https://openalex.org/I2799452066"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92883136,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"03n04","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.8383747339248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7301062941551208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6990610361099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.6236522197723389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-data-mining","display_name":"Educational data mining","score":0.578829288482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5764304399490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5620095729827881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-forecasting","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","score":0.5322762727737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5115726590156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-institution","display_name":"Academic institution","score":0.49508872628211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-modelling","display_name":"Predictive modelling","score":0.46012023091316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.4540470838546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.36031514406204224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.8383747339248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7301062941551208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6990610361099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.6236522197723389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777598771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341279","display_name":"Educational data mining","level":2,"score":0.578829288482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5764304399490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5620095729827881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.5322762727737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5115726590156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992478610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4671277","display_name":"Academic institution","level":2,"score":0.49508872628211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.46012023091316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.4540470838546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.36031514406204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s2424922x21410023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2424922x21410023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189353","display_name":"Advances in Data Science and Adaptive Analysis","issn_l":"2424-922X","issn":["2424-922X","2424-9238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Data Science and Adaptive Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28412257","https://openalex.org/W398186074","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2006444123","https://openalex.org/W2041503926","https://openalex.org/W2051812123","https://openalex.org/W2067885219","https://openalex.org/W2106717332","https://openalex.org/W2139285475","https://openalex.org/W2152169257","https://openalex.org/W2539583929","https://openalex.org/W2543707867","https://openalex.org/W2617300785","https://openalex.org/W2745244103","https://openalex.org/W2761146210","https://openalex.org/W2889988224","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2982435754","https://openalex.org/W3029464237","https://openalex.org/W3039758316","https://openalex.org/W3092207285","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4236137412"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140186469","https://openalex.org/W4390421286","https://openalex.org/W4280563792","https://openalex.org/W4281703890","https://openalex.org/W4281767152","https://openalex.org/W2616772938","https://openalex.org/W3174518479","https://openalex.org/W2033902928","https://openalex.org/W4240012720","https://openalex.org/W2913814749"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,57],"every":[1],"educational":[2,80,94],"institution,":[3],"predicting":[4],"pupils\u2019":[5],"performance":[6,129,236],"is":[7,79,84,113,141,170,220,260],"a":[8,14,119,154,217,230,261,301],"vital":[9,41],"responsibility.":[10],"Due":[11],"to":[12,28,42,89,102,138,172,187,190,203,222,272,285],"this,":[13],"variety":[15],"of":[16,70,76,87,109,126,180,196,233],"data":[17,81,111],"mining":[18,97],"techniques,":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21,137,213,275],"clustering,":[22],"classification,":[23],"and":[24,47,107,133,152,198,207,270,294,296],"regression,":[25],"are":[26,211,229,290],"applied":[27],"anticipate":[29],"the":[30,54,59,74,85,105,110,124,194,234,280],"learner\u2019s":[31],"study":[32,49,86],"behavior.":[33],"By":[34],"Machine":[35],"Learning\u2019s":[36],"arrival,":[37],"it":[38,140],"has":[39],"become":[40],"forecast":[43],"students\u2019":[44],"academic":[45],"achievement,":[46],"this":[48,62],"attracts":[50],"significant":[51,212],"attention":[52],"within":[53],"scientific":[55],"community.":[56],"addition,":[58],"findings":[60,158],"from":[61],"work":[63],"have":[64,256],"tremendous":[65],"socio-economic":[66],"consequences.":[67],"One":[68],"area":[69],"major":[71],"research":[72],"in":[73,93,253,300],"world":[75],"education":[77],"today":[78],"mining,":[82],"which":[83,201,239],"techniques":[88],"reveal":[90],"hidden":[91],"patterns":[92],"data.":[95],"Data":[96],"strategies":[98],"succeed":[99],"or":[100],"fail":[101],"depend":[103],"on":[104],"type":[106],"quality":[108],"that":[112,122,160,258,265],"being":[114],"mined.":[115],"Here,":[116],"we":[117,150,240,255],"provide":[118],"novel":[120],"method":[121,219],"enhances":[123],"accuracy":[125,179],"prior":[127],"student":[128,235],"prediction":[130,155,237,251],"by":[131,193,276],"identifying":[132],"providing":[134],"an":[135,164,178],"explanation":[136],"why":[139],"rising.":[142],"Using":[143],"our":[144,161,278],"robust":[145],"machine":[146,166,174],"learning":[147,167,175],"ensemble":[148,165],"models,":[149],"propose":[151],"evaluate":[153],"model.":[156],"The":[157,226],"demonstrate":[159],"CatBoost":[162],"\u2014":[163,169],"model":[168,184,224],"superior":[171],"standard":[173],"models":[176,252,264],"with":[177,249],"92.27%.":[181],"This":[182],"new":[183],"was":[185],"able":[186,284],"show":[188],"itself":[189],"be":[191,204,243,283],"dependable":[192],"use":[195],"smote":[197],"hyperparameter":[199],"optimization,":[200],"proved":[202],"valuable":[205,231],"methods":[206],"approaches.":[208],"Additional":[209],"features":[210],"well.":[214],"More":[215],"critically,":[216],"unique":[218],"utilized":[221],"increase":[223],"transparency.":[225],"SHAP":[227],"values":[228],"part":[232],"system,":[238],"think":[241],"should":[242],"integrated.":[244],"For":[245],"those":[246,287],"educators":[247],"tasked":[248],"using":[250],"education,":[254],"found":[257],"there":[259],"preference":[262],"for":[263],"offer":[266],"both":[267],"insightful":[268],"insights":[269],"easy":[271],"understand":[273],"predictions,":[274],"utilizing":[277],"experiment":[279],"educator":[281],"will":[282],"identify":[286],"students":[288,299],"who":[289],"at":[291],"early":[292],"risk":[293],"inspire":[295],"encourage":[297],"these":[298],"positive":[302],"way.":[303]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
