{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2749063706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793962313500256","title":"Geant4 applications for modeling molecular transport in complex vacuum geometries","display_name":"Geant4 applications for modeling molecular transport in complex vacuum geometries","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2749063706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793962313500256","mag":"2749063706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s1793962313500256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793962313500256","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107361000","display_name":"Advances in Complex Systems","issn_l":"0219-5259","issn":["0219-5259","1793-6802","1793-9615","1793-9623"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1063799","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048581349","display_name":"J. Singal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-8503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158012942","display_name":"University of Richmond","ror":"https://ror.org/03y71xh61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158012942"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jack Singal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Richmond, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, 28 Westhampton Drive, Richmond, VA 23173, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Richmond, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, 28 Westhampton Drive, Richmond, VA 23173, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158012942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052741254","display_name":"J. Langton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094059","display_name":"Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pwqz914","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210094059","https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Brian Langton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094059","https://openalex.org/I2801935854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112037651","display_name":"R. Schindler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094059","display_name":"Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pwqz914","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210094059","https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafe Schindler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094059","https://openalex.org/I2801935854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048581349"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158012942"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33327373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"05","issue":"02","first_page":"1350025","last_page":"1350025"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10559","display_name":"Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10559","display_name":"Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-synoptic-survey-telescope","display_name":"Large Synoptic Survey Telescope","score":0.6722442507743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryostat","display_name":"Cryostat","score":0.662011444568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5730748772621155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-molecular-flow","display_name":"Free molecular flow","score":0.49294519424438477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telescope","display_name":"Telescope","score":0.48173120617866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.45250168442726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.44141221046447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-dynamics","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","score":0.4396665394306183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.43650054931640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.38081789016723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19208219647407532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1747761368751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.14662855863571167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776834974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672021","display_name":"Large Synoptic Survey Telescope","level":3,"score":0.6722442507743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89106999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909476","display_name":"Cryostat","level":3,"score":0.662011444568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5730748772621155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126350175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654637","display_name":"Free molecular flow","level":2,"score":0.49294519424438477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780848835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213","display_name":"Telescope","level":2,"score":0.48173120617866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.45250168442726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.44141221046447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59593255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","level":2,"score":0.4396665394306183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.43650054931640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.38081789016723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19208219647407532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1747761368751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.14662855863571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54101563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124131","display_name":"Superconductivity","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s1793962313500256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793962313500256","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107361000","display_name":"Advances in Complex Systems","issn_l":"0219-5259","issn":["0219-5259","1793-6802","1793-9615","1793-9623"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc842155","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc842155/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal Name: arXiv:1302.2963","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1063799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1063799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2749063706","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc842155/m2/1/high_res_d/1063799.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1063799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1063799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976821952","https://openalex.org/W1981692927","https://openalex.org/W2013167244","https://openalex.org/W2013927766","https://openalex.org/W2047689558","https://openalex.org/W2128158076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2119051158","https://openalex.org/W1964004389","https://openalex.org/W2160266649","https://openalex.org/W3112279189","https://openalex.org/W2068867065","https://openalex.org/W2159500045","https://openalex.org/W2952420796","https://openalex.org/W3100186703","https://openalex.org/W2365190330","https://openalex.org/W106048064","https://openalex.org/W1658528952","https://openalex.org/W3159637499","https://openalex.org/W2125974727","https://openalex.org/W2184215779","https://openalex.org/W1848266462","https://openalex.org/W3104493321","https://openalex.org/W2549932526","https://openalex.org/W3090574729","https://openalex.org/W3128171107","https://openalex.org/W2119270907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,88],"discuss":[1,89],"a":[2,15,71,96],"novel":[3],"use":[4,91],"of":[5,39,92,101,112,114,122],"the":[6,19,30,37,90,102],"Geant4":[7,24],"simulation":[8],"toolkit":[9,25],"to":[10,35,51,109,117],"model":[11,52],"molecular":[12,20,53],"transport":[13,55,113],"in":[14,18,56],"vacuum":[16,54,73],"environment,":[17],"flow":[21],"regime.":[22],"The":[23,63],"was":[26],"originally":[27],"developed":[28],"by":[29,83],"high":[31],"energy":[32],"physics":[33],"community":[34],"simulate":[36],"interactions":[38],"elementary":[40],"particles":[41],"within":[42],"complex":[43],"detector":[44],"systems.":[45],"Here":[46],"its":[47],"capabilities":[48],"are":[49,61,65],"utilized":[50],"geometries":[57],"where":[58,120],"other":[59],"techniques":[60,64],"impractical.":[62],"verified":[66],"with":[67,95],"an":[68,93],"application":[69,94],"representing":[70],"simple":[72],"geometry":[74],"that":[75,100],"has":[76],"been":[77],"studied":[78],"previously":[79],"both":[80],"analytically":[81],"and":[82],"basic":[84],"Monte":[85],"Carlo":[86],"simulation.":[87],"very":[97],"complicated":[98],"geometry,":[99],"Large":[103],"Synoptic":[104],"Survey":[105],"Telescope":[106],"camera":[107],"cryostat,":[108],"determine":[110],"probabilities":[111],"contaminant":[115],"molecules":[116],"optical":[118],"surfaces":[119],"control":[121],"contamination":[123],"is":[124],"crucial.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
