{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075950073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793840609002056","title":"Assessing Classification Using Word-alignment Distribution for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation","display_name":"Assessing Classification Using Word-alignment Distribution for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075950073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793840609002056","mag":"2075950073"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s1793840609002056","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793840609002056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50006202","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Processing Of Languages","issn_l":"1793-8406","issn":["1793-8406","2010-0205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Processing of Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091219946","display_name":"Katsunori Kotani","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KATSUNORI KOTANI","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102089364","display_name":"Takehiko Yoshimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"TAKEHIKO YOSHIMI","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10750173,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"02n03","first_page":"219","last_page":"236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8857781887054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7557013034820557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6984710693359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6581411957740784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6422789096832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.6330831050872803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8857781887054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7557013034820557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6984710693359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6581411957740784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6422789096832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.6330831050872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s1793840609002056","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793840609002056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50006202","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Processing Of Languages","issn_l":"1793-8406","issn":["1793-8406","2010-0205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Processing of Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105964407","https://openalex.org/W1504694836","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2123301721","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2134566648","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2156985047","https://openalex.org/W2162211144","https://openalex.org/W2166098990","https://openalex.org/W2394897527","https://openalex.org/W3210771502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011059803","https://openalex.org/W2775554247","https://openalex.org/W2728761353","https://openalex.org/W2883671469","https://openalex.org/W2110168585","https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W2250213760","https://openalex.org/W4386247111","https://openalex.org/W4327642362","https://openalex.org/W2587014613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0,25],"evaluation":[1,27,42,123,129,173,193,197,201,204],"is":[2,17,96,103],"known":[3],"as":[4,68],"a":[5,113],"consistent":[6],"and":[7,58,202],"relatively":[8],"inexpensive":[9],"method":[10,61,95,216],"of":[11,38,80,87,90,121,127,142,152,178,191,221],"evaluating":[12],"machine":[13,21,40,46,63,116,137,143,156,161,166,222],"translation.":[14,33,82,138,153,167,184,223],"Thus,":[15],"it":[16,50,67,106],"useful":[18],"in":[19,181],"developing":[20],"translation":[22,41,47,64,76,109,144,157,163],"(MT)":[23],"systems.":[24],"MT":[26],"methods":[28,130],"basically":[29],"require":[30],"reference":[31,52,91,108,199],"(human)":[32],"There":[34],"are":[35],"two":[36],"types":[37],"automatic":[39],"methods:":[43],"one":[44],"assesses":[45,171],"by":[48,65,194,206],"comparing":[49,195],"with":[51,198],"translation,":[53,92],"e.g.,":[54],"BLEU,":[55],"NIST,":[56],"METEOR,":[57],"the":[59,81,85,88,93,101,125,150,176,189],"other":[60],"evaluates":[62],"classifying":[66],"good":[69],"(human":[70],"translation-like)":[71,75],"or":[72],"bad":[73],"(machine":[74],"based":[77,131,174],"on":[78,132,175],"properties":[79],"Due":[83],"to":[84],"cost":[86],"preparation":[89],"former":[94],"more":[97,182],"expensive.":[98],"By":[99],"contrast,":[100],"latter":[102],"inexpensive,":[104],"because":[105],"requires":[107],"only":[110],"for":[111,135],"training":[112],"classifier":[114],"using":[115],"learning":[117],"algorithms.":[118],"Previous":[119],"studies":[120],"classification-based":[122,172,192,196,215],"assessed":[124],"validity":[126,190],"their":[128],"classification":[133,146],"accuracy":[134],"overall":[136],"Since":[139],"fluency":[140,151,220],"(naturalness)":[141],"varies,":[145],"results":[147,205,211],"should":[148,158],"reflect":[149],"More":[154],"fluent":[155,183],"involve":[159],"less":[160],"translation-like":[162],"than":[164],"poor":[165],"Therefore,":[168],"this":[169],"study":[170,186],"percentage":[177],"MT-like":[179],"translations":[180],"This":[185],"further":[187],"investigates":[188],"translation-based":[200],"manual":[203],"human":[207],"evaluators.":[208],"The":[209],"experimental":[210],"show":[212],"that":[213],"our":[214],"can":[217],"accurately":[218],"evaluate":[219]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
