{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118747131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793536913500118","title":"THE UNIQUENESS OF THE INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY BASED ON INTRINSIC MODE FUNCTION","display_name":"THE UNIQUENESS OF THE INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY BASED ON INTRINSIC MODE FUNCTION","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118747131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793536913500118","mag":"2118747131"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s1793536913500118","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793536913500118","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16439242","display_name":"Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis","issn_l":"1793-5369","issn":["1793-5369","1793-7175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110969892","display_name":"Norden E. Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"NORDEN E. HUANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004294753","display_name":"Vincent Hsu-Wen Young","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"VINCENT YOUNG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047456186","display_name":"Men\u2010Tzung Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2630-4945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MENTZUNG LO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110216222","display_name":"YUNG HUNG WANG","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"YUNG HUNG WANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101750777","display_name":"Chung\u2010Kang Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-9833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. K. PENG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Adaptive Data Analysis, Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024291314","display_name":"Xianyao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9825-5295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"XIANYAO CHEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China","First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367304","display_name":"Gang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6480-9990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GANG WANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China","First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086084891","display_name":"Jia Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4794-053X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JIA DENG","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China","First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087187626","display_name":"Zhaohua Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1660-0724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ZHAOHUA WU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Meteorology Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Meteorology Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.509,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74567786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"05","issue":"03","first_page":"1350011","last_page":"1350011"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10928","display_name":"Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.7660925388336182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.6514451503753662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6159296631813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instantaneous-phase","display_name":"Instantaneous phase","score":0.609137773513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envelope","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","score":0.5772510170936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.5747693777084351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uniqueness","display_name":"Uniqueness","score":0.5596045255661011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.4570593237876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-function","display_name":"Phase function","score":0.45541810989379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3967680335044861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-physics","display_name":"Mathematical physics","score":0.3470059931278229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.26312893629074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.08291715383529663}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.7660925388336182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6514451503753662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6159296631813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137798554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6038852","display_name":"Instantaneous phase","level":3,"score":0.609137773513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.5772510170936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5747693777084351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777021972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22976830","display_name":"Uniqueness","level":2,"score":0.5596045255661011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.4570593237876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988155089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7180945","display_name":"Phase function","level":3,"score":0.45541810989379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3967680335044861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.3470059931278229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.26312893629074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08291715383529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s1793536913500118","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793536913500118","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16439242","display_name":"Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis","issn_l":"1793-5369","issn":["1793-5369","1793-7175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598517949","https://openalex.org/W1605417594","https://openalex.org/W1985274025","https://openalex.org/W1991946919","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2028497691","https://openalex.org/W2103436585","https://openalex.org/W2107558893","https://openalex.org/W2110983594","https://openalex.org/W2120390927","https://openalex.org/W2123563890","https://openalex.org/W2160724632","https://openalex.org/W2164847051","https://openalex.org/W2171487891","https://openalex.org/W2973818247","https://openalex.org/W3141408015","https://openalex.org/W4235264831","https://openalex.org/W4299552129"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W571281153","https://openalex.org/W2949403936","https://openalex.org/W3023806604","https://openalex.org/W2952139525","https://openalex.org/W4301247218","https://openalex.org/W2129818458","https://openalex.org/W4243074410","https://openalex.org/W4289551052","https://openalex.org/W4390756076","https://openalex.org/W1568059657"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"has":[1],"been":[2],"claimed":[3],"that":[4,39,77],"any":[5,54,109,120],"expression":[6,92],"of":[7,61,125],"a(t)":[8,12,40],"cos":[9,18,41,81,129],"\u03b8(t)":[10,19,28,42],"with":[11,25,43],"as":[13,20,133],"the":[14,21,26,37,49,59,86,90,123,134,141],"instantaneous":[15,142],"amplitude":[16,66],"and":[17,71],"carrier":[22],"varying":[23],"along":[24],"phase":[27,72],"could":[29],"not":[30],"be":[31,147],"uniquely":[32,107],"defined.":[33],"However,":[34],"based":[35],"on":[36],"fact":[38],"all":[44],"its":[45],"variational":[46],"forms":[47],"have":[48],"same":[50],"numerical":[51],"value":[52],"at":[53],"given":[55],"time,":[56],"we":[57,117],"propose":[58],"existence":[60],"a":[62,68,78,115,126],"unique":[63,135],"true":[64],"intrinsic":[65],"function":[67,73],"i":[69,75,79,83,127,131],"(t)":[70,76,80,84,128,132],"\u03b8":[74,82,130],"satisfying":[85],"envelope\u2013carrier":[87],"relationship":[88],"is":[89,99],"only":[91],"making":[93],"physical":[94],"sense.":[95],"A":[96],"constructive":[97],"method":[98],"also":[100,146],"presented":[101],"to":[102],"find":[103],"such":[104],"amplitude-phase":[105,137],"pair":[106],"from":[108,139],"Intrinsic":[110],"Mode":[111],"Function":[112],"(IMF).":[113],"As":[114],"result,":[116],"can":[118,145],"treat":[119],"IMF":[121],"in":[122],"form":[124],"defined":[136],"pair,":[138],"which":[140],"frequency":[143],"(IF)":[144],"determined.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}