{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312456353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s123016122250010x","title":"Nature and Origin of Operators Entering the Master Equation of an Open Quantum System","display_name":"Nature and Origin of Operators Entering the Master Equation of an Open Quantum System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312456353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s123016122250010x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s123016122250010x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s123016122250010x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27332288","display_name":"Open Systems & Information Dynamics","issn_l":"1230-1612","issn":["1230-1612","1573-1324","1793-7191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Systems &amp; Information Dynamics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.14209","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014310334","display_name":"Giovanni Spaventa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-5756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Spaventa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 D-89081, Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 D-89081, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090726934","display_name":"Paola Verrucchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-6117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133295","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze","ror":"https://ror.org/02vv5y108","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210133295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149433","display_name":"Institute for Complex Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/05rcgef49","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149433","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paola Verrucchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi CNR, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\u00e0 di Firenze, and INFN sezione di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi CNR, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\u00e0 di Firenze, and INFN sezione di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133295","https://openalex.org/I4210149433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014310334"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2774,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64368912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"02","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/master-equation","display_name":"Master equation","score":0.8776200413703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lindblad-equation","display_name":"Lindblad equation","score":0.7907394766807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formalism","display_name":"Formalism (music)","score":0.5711672902107239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamiltonian","display_name":"Hamiltonian (control theory)","score":0.4810612201690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4484180212020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4419185519218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-system","display_name":"Open system (computing)","score":0.41920533776283264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4147520959377289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3604409098625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.34224987030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.3255974054336548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.2894989848136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.17064008116722107}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128805008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722878","display_name":"Master equation","level":3,"score":0.8776200413703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201540876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4476520","display_name":"Lindblad equation","level":4,"score":0.7907394766807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73301696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984","display_name":"Formalism (music)","level":3,"score":0.5711672902107239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130787639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5645293","display_name":"Hamiltonian (control theory)","level":2,"score":0.4810612201690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4484180212020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4419185519218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163677043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2382874","display_name":"Open system (computing)","level":3,"score":0.41920533776283264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4147520959377289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3604409098625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.34224987030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3255974054336548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.2894989848136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17064008116722107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s123016122250010x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s123016122250010x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27332288","display_name":"Open Systems & Information Dynamics","issn_l":"1230-1612","issn":["1230-1612","1573-1324","1793-7191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Systems &amp; Information Dynamics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2209.14209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.14209","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.14209","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:it.cnr:prodotti:476653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.cnr.it/prodotto/i/476653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055101","display_name":"CNR ExploRA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Spaventa, Giovanni; Verrucchi, Paola/titolo:Nature and Origin of Operators Entering the Master Equation of an Open Quantum System/doi:10.1142%2FS123016122250010X/rivista:Open systems & information dynamics/anno:2022/pagina_da:2250010-1/pagina_a:2250010-18/intervallo_pagine:2250010-1\u20132250010-18/volume:29","raw_type":"Articolo in rivista"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2209.14209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.14209","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.14209","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557324374","https://openalex.org/W1610274090","https://openalex.org/W1994090126","https://openalex.org/W1995318398","https://openalex.org/W2015683881","https://openalex.org/W2032839191","https://openalex.org/W2041409270","https://openalex.org/W2058140214","https://openalex.org/W2073814871","https://openalex.org/W2083590256","https://openalex.org/W2084864304","https://openalex.org/W2098846338","https://openalex.org/W2101546653","https://openalex.org/W2130724093","https://openalex.org/W2130860507","https://openalex.org/W2476626342","https://openalex.org/W2523097225","https://openalex.org/W2765389212","https://openalex.org/W2896660348","https://openalex.org/W2951682795","https://openalex.org/W2978043161","https://openalex.org/W2982932855","https://openalex.org/W3010052390","https://openalex.org/W3011537634","https://openalex.org/W3014405312","https://openalex.org/W3099607359","https://openalex.org/W3104259084","https://openalex.org/W3104754524","https://openalex.org/W3121428478","https://openalex.org/W3121629184","https://openalex.org/W3158947475","https://openalex.org/W3202488960","https://openalex.org/W3213697281","https://openalex.org/W4200634130","https://openalex.org/W4205175148","https://openalex.org/W4246282234","https://openalex.org/W4293203252","https://openalex.org/W4294344908","https://openalex.org/W4294973694","https://openalex.org/W4308023543","https://openalex.org/W4312456353"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043932830","https://openalex.org/W2390807376","https://openalex.org/W4224999565","https://openalex.org/W2400437111","https://openalex.org/W1615524477","https://openalex.org/W3163540023","https://openalex.org/W2809758258","https://openalex.org/W4288018433","https://openalex.org/W2430536562","https://openalex.org/W2990099537"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"By":[0],"exploiting":[1],"the":[2,28,39,43,65,68,71,95,116,130,134,143,168,172],"peculiarities":[3],"of":[4,25,32,42,50,64,87,91,102,110,133,157,171],"a":[5,78,88,111,158,161],"recently":[6],"introduced":[7],"formalism":[8],"for":[9,27,105,153],"describing":[10,67],"open":[11,34],"quantum":[12,35],"systems":[13],"(the":[14],"parametric":[15],"representation":[16],"with":[17,70],"environmental":[18],"coherent":[19],"states)":[20],"we":[21,148],"derive":[22],"an":[23,33],"equation":[24],"motion":[26],"reduced":[29],"density":[30],"operator":[31],"system":[36],"that":[37,166],"has":[38],"same":[40],"structure":[41],"celebrated":[44],"Gorini\u2013Kossakowski\u2013Sudarshan\u2013Lindblad":[45],"equation,":[46],"but":[47],"holds":[48],"regardless":[49],"Markovianity":[51,128],"being":[52],"assumed.":[53],"The":[54],"operators":[55,104,152],"in":[56,62,94,160,167],"our":[57],"result":[58],"have":[59],"explicit":[60],"expressions":[61],"terms":[63],"Hamiltonian":[66],"interactions":[69],"environment,":[72,163],"and":[73,107,129,164],"can":[74],"be":[75],"computed":[76],"once":[77],"specific":[79],"model":[80],"is":[81,139],"considered.":[82],"We":[83],"find":[84,149],"that,":[85],"instead":[86],"single":[89],"set":[90,101],"Lindblad":[92],"operators,":[93],"general":[96],"(non-Markovian)":[97],"case":[98],"there":[99],"one":[100],"Lindblad-like":[103,151],"each":[106],"every":[108],"point":[109],"symplectic":[112],"manifold":[113],"associated":[114],"to":[115,127,141],"environment.":[117],"This":[118],"intricacy":[119],"disappears":[120],"under":[121,136],"some":[122],"assumptions":[123],"(which":[124],"are":[125,178],"related":[126],"classical":[131,169],"limit":[132,170],"environment),":[135],"which":[137],"it":[138],"possible":[140],"recover":[142],"usual":[144],"master-equation":[145],"formalism.":[146],"Finally,":[147],"such":[150],"two":[154],"different":[155],"models":[156],"qubit":[159],"bosonic":[162],"show":[165],"environment":[173],"their":[174],"renown":[175],"master":[176],"equations":[177],"recovered.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
