{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130280438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219843612500272","title":"THE DESIGN OF THE iCub HUMANOID ROBOT","display_name":"THE DESIGN OF THE iCub HUMANOID ROBOT","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130280438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219843612500272","mag":"2130280438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219843612500272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219843612500272","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75343556","display_name":"International Journal of Humanoid Robotics","issn_l":"0219-8436","issn":["0219-8436","1793-6942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Humanoid Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072707307","display_name":"Alberto Parmiggiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-9381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ALBERTO PARMIGGIANI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","Italian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010296609","display_name":"Marco Maggiali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6142-5545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MARCO MAGGIALI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","Italian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009034971","display_name":"Lorenzo Natale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LORENZO NATALE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","Italian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063532849","display_name":"Francesco Nori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-6873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"FRANCESCO NORI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","Italian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035429819","display_name":"Alexander Schmitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8962-771X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ALEXANDER SCHMITZ","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031036223","display_name":"Nikos G. Tsagarakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-8237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"NIKOS TSAGARAKIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Robotics Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","Italian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Robotics Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037378255","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Santos-Victor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9036-1728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152517","display_name":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico","ror":"https://ror.org/03db2by73","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4387152517"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JOS\u00c9 SANTOS VICTOR","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal","University of Lisbon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152517"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lisbon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058220610","display_name":"Francesco Becchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"FRANCESCO BECCHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telerobot OCEM s.r.l., Via Semini 28C 16163 Genova, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telerobot OCEM s.r.l., Via Semini 28C 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002153617","display_name":"Giulio Sandini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3324-985X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GIULIO SANDINI","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIST, University of Genoa, Viale Causa, 13 16145 Genova, Italy","Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","Italian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIST, University of Genoa, Viale Causa, 13 16145 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090032106","display_name":"Giorgio Metta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0459-4769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GIORGIO METTA","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIST, University of Genoa, Viale Causa, 13 16145 Genova, Italy","Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","Italian Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIST, University of Genoa, Viale Causa, 13 16145 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4438,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":106,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92422933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"09","issue":"04","first_page":"1250027","last_page":"1250027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9699000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9591000080108643,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icub","display_name":"iCub","score":0.999188244342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanoid-robot","display_name":"Humanoid robot","score":0.9048887491226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7560688853263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5685102939605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5504336953163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.46306437253952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.37305015325546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34632885456085205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111151474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1653368","display_name":"iCub","level":4,"score":0.999188244342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60692881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584529","display_name":"Humanoid robot","level":3,"score":0.9048887491226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7560688853263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5685102939605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5504336953163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.46306437253952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.37305015325546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34632885456085205}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219843612500272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219843612500272","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75343556","display_name":"International Journal of Humanoid Robotics","issn_l":"0219-8436","issn":["0219-8436","1793-6942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Humanoid Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/583934","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11567/583934","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59441132","https://openalex.org/W1521556806","https://openalex.org/W1554436968","https://openalex.org/W1561130515","https://openalex.org/W1608664470","https://openalex.org/W1870564534","https://openalex.org/W1971609423","https://openalex.org/W1980065440","https://openalex.org/W2027316322","https://openalex.org/W2058618806","https://openalex.org/W2100119371","https://openalex.org/W2101205555","https://openalex.org/W2105372826","https://openalex.org/W2111966261","https://openalex.org/W2121021799","https://openalex.org/W2128302674","https://openalex.org/W2130912818","https://openalex.org/W2142536379","https://openalex.org/W2151495024","https://openalex.org/W2151547103","https://openalex.org/W2158623817","https://openalex.org/W2159154059","https://openalex.org/W2161255630","https://openalex.org/W2162488100","https://openalex.org/W2170217103","https://openalex.org/W2170519810","https://openalex.org/W2540104143","https://openalex.org/W2542507489","https://openalex.org/W2543660928","https://openalex.org/W2901136733"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3106073779","https://openalex.org/W2969950293","https://openalex.org/W4320155336","https://openalex.org/W2890371354","https://openalex.org/W1870564534","https://openalex.org/W4309190133","https://openalex.org/W2791964831","https://openalex.org/W2011768613","https://openalex.org/W2031129854","https://openalex.org/W2763297429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,27],"article":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,7,30,36,40,47,51,58,61],"hardware":[4],"design":[5,34],"of":[6,35,39,50,60],"iCub":[8,12],"humanoid":[9,16],"robot.":[10,41],"The":[11],"is":[13],"an":[14],"open-source":[15],"robotic":[17],"platform":[18],"designed":[19],"explicitly":[20],"to":[21],"support":[22],"research":[23],"in":[24],"embodied":[25],"cognition.":[26],"paper":[28],"covers":[29],"mechanical":[31,62],"and":[32,63],"electronic":[33],"first":[37],"release":[38],"A":[42],"series":[43],"upgrades":[44],"developed":[45],"for":[46],"second":[48],"version":[49],"robot":[52],"(iCub2),":[53],"which":[54],"are":[55,66],"aimed":[56],"at":[57],"improvement":[59],"sensing":[64],"performance,":[65],"also":[67],"described.":[68]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
