{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1970968916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525902000584","title":"EVOLUTION OF COOPERATION IN A SPATIAL PRISONER'S DILEMMA","display_name":"EVOLUTION OF COOPERATION IN A SPATIAL PRISONER'S DILEMMA","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1970968916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525902000584","mag":"1970968916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219525902000584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525902000584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107361000","display_name":"Advances in Complex Systems","issn_l":"0219-5259","issn":["0219-5259","1793-6802","1793-9615","1793-9623"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Complex Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057650206","display_name":"Frank Schweitzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1551-6491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39343248","display_name":"Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/01hcx6992","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39343248"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144576","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/04nc32781","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/05hkkdn48","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"FRANK SCHWEITZER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems,  Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","Institute of Physics, Humboldt University, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, 10115 Berlin, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems,  Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics, Humboldt University, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, 10115 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39343248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065056581","display_name":"Laxmidhar Behera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-5609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144576","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/04nc32781","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/05hkkdn48","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["DE","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LAXMIDHAR BEHERA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering,  Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India","Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems,  Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India","Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering,  Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems,  Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087034463","display_name":"Heinz M\u00fchlenbein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144576","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/04nc32781","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/05hkkdn48","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HEINZ M\u00dcHLENBEIN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems,  Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems,  Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057650206"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39343248","https://openalex.org/I4210144576","https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.1727,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":104,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9933055,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"05","issue":"02n03","first_page":"269","last_page":"299"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prisoners-dilemma","display_name":"Prisoner's dilemma","score":0.8376416563987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-game","display_name":"Stochastic game","score":0.7040782570838928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-function","display_name":"Iterated function","score":0.6520466804504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6093502640724182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.5717376470565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilemma","display_name":"Dilemma","score":0.5538618564605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.4067326486110687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.3355069160461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27785688638687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21922743320465088}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113494165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41693","display_name":"Prisoner's dilemma","level":3,"score":0.8376416563987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.7040782570838928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140479938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254619","display_name":"Iterated function","level":2,"score":0.6520466804504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6093502640724182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.5717376470565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.5538618564605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.4067326486110687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.3355069160461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27785688638687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21922743320465088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219525902000584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525902000584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107361000","display_name":"Advances in Complex Systems","issn_l":"0219-5259","issn":["0219-5259","1793-6802","1793-9615","1793-9623"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Complex Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wsi:acsxxx:v:05:y:2002:i:02n03:n:s0219525902000584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0219525902000584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:2004950290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/2004950290.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer AIS","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/202227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/202227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481946224","https://openalex.org/W1486823957","https://openalex.org/W1501219137","https://openalex.org/W1528330097","https://openalex.org/W1573088548","https://openalex.org/W1960351623","https://openalex.org/W1964081855","https://openalex.org/W1972512895","https://openalex.org/W1977933694","https://openalex.org/W1977948854","https://openalex.org/W1980357514","https://openalex.org/W1984502872","https://openalex.org/W1986640444","https://openalex.org/W1996118735","https://openalex.org/W1998972196","https://openalex.org/W2007337496","https://openalex.org/W2011726910","https://openalex.org/W2024845611","https://openalex.org/W2025490132","https://openalex.org/W2029409413","https://openalex.org/W2042252765","https://openalex.org/W2044083728","https://openalex.org/W2053330332","https://openalex.org/W2053845340","https://openalex.org/W2061357247","https://openalex.org/W2061371531","https://openalex.org/W2062663664","https://openalex.org/W2095718113","https://openalex.org/W2100630363","https://openalex.org/W2108238158","https://openalex.org/W2114753983","https://openalex.org/W2123330211","https://openalex.org/W2126334589","https://openalex.org/W2129031194","https://openalex.org/W2134306066","https://openalex.org/W2143297978","https://openalex.org/W2144406503","https://openalex.org/W2145363699","https://openalex.org/W2167030552","https://openalex.org/W2219912196","https://openalex.org/W2226396244","https://openalex.org/W2324656367","https://openalex.org/W2340825875","https://openalex.org/W2727268378","https://openalex.org/W2753514269","https://openalex.org/W2950469977","https://openalex.org/W4240214760","https://openalex.org/W4240667671"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1829339509","https://openalex.org/W4299530539","https://openalex.org/W3122059234","https://openalex.org/W4387723278","https://openalex.org/W1446198759","https://openalex.org/W3149882248","https://openalex.org/W2289902232","https://openalex.org/W4380049051","https://openalex.org/W2998700864","https://openalex.org/W2972313131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,6,44,53,56,94,166],"spatial":[3,57,89,111,160],"distribution":[4],"and":[5,61,85,139],"global":[7],"frequency":[8],"of":[9,43,59,97,107,116,133,147,168],"agents":[10],"who":[11],"can":[12],"either":[13,104],"cooperate":[14],"or":[15,55,113,123],"defect.":[16],"The":[17,127],"agent":[18,31],"interaction":[19],"is":[20],"described":[21],"by":[22,80,137],"a":[23,40,68,81,86,105,114,131,148,153],"deterministic,":[24],"non-iterated":[25],"prisoner's":[26],"dilemma":[27],"game,":[28],"further":[29,129],"each":[30,78],"only":[32],"locally":[33],"interacts":[34],"with":[35,103],"his":[36],"neighbors.":[37],"Based":[38],"on":[39,152],"detailed":[41],"analysis":[42,128],"local":[45],"payoff":[46],"structures":[47],"we":[48,99,143],"derive":[49],"critical":[50],"conditions":[51],"for":[52],"invasion":[54,96],"coexistence":[58,101],"cooperators":[60,108,117],"defectors.":[62],"These":[63],"results":[64,136,146],"are":[65],"concluded":[66],"in":[67,109,119,124],"phase":[69],"diagram":[70],"that":[71,162],"allows":[72],"us":[73],"to":[74,93,158],"identify":[75],"five":[76],"regimes,":[77],"characterized":[79],"distinct":[82],"spatiotemporal":[83],"dynamics":[84],"corresponding":[87],"final":[88],"structure.":[90],"In":[91],"addition":[92],"complete":[95],"defectors,":[98],"find":[100],"regimes":[102],"majority":[106],"large":[110],"domains,":[112],"minority":[115],"organized":[118],"small":[120,125],"non-stationary":[121],"domains":[122],"clusters.":[126],"allowed":[130],"verification":[132],"computer":[134],"simulation":[135,145],"Nowak":[138],"May":[140],"(1993).":[141],"Eventually,":[142],"present":[144],"true":[149],"5-person":[150],"game":[151],"lattice.":[154],"This":[155],"modification":[156],"leads":[157],"non-uniform":[159],"interactions":[161],"may":[163],"even":[164],"enhance":[165],"effect":[167],"cooperation.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}