{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066416827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467815500059","title":"A Survey on Document Image Processing Methods Useful for Assistive Technology for the Blind","display_name":"A Survey on Document Image Processing Methods Useful for Assistive Technology for the Blind","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066416827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467815500059","mag":"2066416827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219467815500059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467815500059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063477823","display_name":"Robert Keefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7902-271X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Keefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pomiet, LLC, Dayton, OH 45449, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pomiet, LLC, Dayton, OH 45449, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025446324","display_name":"Nikolaos Bourbakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1507-614X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19648265","display_name":"Wright State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Bourbakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45449, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45449, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74371935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"01","first_page":"1550005","last_page":"1550005"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7542972564697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.6991272568702698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.6032333374023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5866317749023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.5582475066184998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-processing","display_name":"Document processing","score":0.5538139939308167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5334904789924622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5053685307502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-image-processing","display_name":"Digital image processing","score":0.4969690144062042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-layout-analysis","display_name":"Document layout analysis","score":0.43031731247901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3611081838607788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.24774706363677979}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7542972564697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.6991272568702698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.6032333374023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5866317749023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.5582475066184998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67905146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5287646","display_name":"Document processing","level":2,"score":0.5538139939308167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5334904789924622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5053685307502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Digital image processing","level":4,"score":0.4969690144062042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72773152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5287629","display_name":"Document layout analysis","level":3,"score":0.43031731247901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3611081838607788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.24774706363677979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219467815500059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467815500059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197527448","https://openalex.org/W1495531663","https://openalex.org/W1600276254","https://openalex.org/W1602715074","https://openalex.org/W1956970074","https://openalex.org/W1965627449","https://openalex.org/W1967758008","https://openalex.org/W1968234316","https://openalex.org/W1999862342","https://openalex.org/W2001968227","https://openalex.org/W2014886546","https://openalex.org/W2015432638","https://openalex.org/W2024959534","https://openalex.org/W2027883219","https://openalex.org/W2033222542","https://openalex.org/W2046333072","https://openalex.org/W2055307904","https://openalex.org/W2066221198","https://openalex.org/W2069816967","https://openalex.org/W2074335567","https://openalex.org/W2084884002","https://openalex.org/W2085261163","https://openalex.org/W2094002487","https://openalex.org/W2095034769","https://openalex.org/W2099051713","https://openalex.org/W2100396823","https://openalex.org/W2104241941","https://openalex.org/W2104937498","https://openalex.org/W2106592804","https://openalex.org/W2112692009","https://openalex.org/W2125490810","https://openalex.org/W2127319406","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2130283001","https://openalex.org/W2132397809","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2134929929","https://openalex.org/W2135164809","https://openalex.org/W2138283657","https://openalex.org/W2139127979","https://openalex.org/W2140089569","https://openalex.org/W2149884040","https://openalex.org/W2159122964","https://openalex.org/W2160299344","https://openalex.org/W2160700903","https://openalex.org/W2165992492","https://openalex.org/W2167284391","https://openalex.org/W2170727726","https://openalex.org/W2487409843"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2573990671","https://openalex.org/W2000372441","https://openalex.org/W2096747878","https://openalex.org/W2244000356","https://openalex.org/W3046471831","https://openalex.org/W2744419436","https://openalex.org/W3021512437","https://openalex.org/W1969168333","https://openalex.org/W2784287639","https://openalex.org/W4294702218"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"offers":[2],"a":[3,118,167,171,196,204,212],"review":[4],"of":[5,36,62,88,117,133,139,182,199,211],"the":[6,37,41,54,60,86,111,115,131,134,157,175,180,186],"state-of-the-art":[7],"document":[8,21,50,95,103,126,183,219],"image":[9,26,42,80,96,127,220],"processing":[10,22,27,43,61,81,112,128,221],"methods":[11,129,141],"and":[12,23,45,75,102,145,149,188],"their":[13,147],"classification":[14],"by":[15],"identifying":[16],"new":[17],"trends":[18],"for":[19,53,185],"automatic":[20],"understanding.":[24],"Document":[25,79],"(DIP)":[28],"is":[29,82,160,216],"an":[30,93],"important":[31,152,209],"problem":[32,113],"related":[33],"with":[34,46],"most":[35],"challenges":[38],"coming":[39],"from":[40,66],"field":[44,159],"applications":[47,90],"to":[48,109,153,165,192],"digital":[49],"summarization,":[51],"readers":[52,184],"visually":[55],"impaired":[56],"etc.":[57],"Difficulties":[58],"in":[59,73,85,114,142,195],"documents":[63],"can":[64],"arise":[65],"lighting":[67],"conditions,":[68],"page":[69,71,76],"curl,":[70],"rotation":[72],"3D,":[74],"layout":[77],"segmentation.":[78],"usually":[83],"performed":[84],"context":[87,116],"higher-level":[89],"that":[91,156,215],"require":[92],"undistorted":[94],"such":[97],"as":[98],"optical":[99],"character":[100],"recognition":[101],"restoration/preservation.":[104],"Typically,":[105],"assumptions":[106],"are":[107],"made":[108],"constrain":[110],"particular":[119],"application.":[120],"In":[121],"this":[122,190],"survey,":[123],"we":[124,163,178,202],"categorize":[125],"on":[130,208,218],"basis":[132],"technique,":[135],"provide":[136,166],"detailed":[137],"descriptions":[138],"representative":[140],"each":[143],"category,":[144],"examine":[146],"pros":[148],"cons.":[150],"It":[151],"notice":[154],"here":[155],"DIP":[158],"broad,":[161],"thus":[162],"try":[164],"top\u2013down/horizontal":[168],"survey":[169,198,206],"rather":[170],"bottom":[172],"up.":[173],"At":[174],"same":[176],"time,":[177],"target":[179],"area":[181],"blind,":[187],"use":[189],"application":[191],"guide":[193],"us":[194],"top\u2013down":[197],"DIP.":[200],"Moreover,":[201],"present":[203],"comparative":[205],"based":[207],"aspects":[210],"marketable":[213],"system":[214],"dependent":[217],"techniques.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}