{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149049537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467809003460","title":"ON SEGMENTATION OF TOUCHING CHARACTERS AND OVERLAPPING LINES IN DEGRADED PRINTED GURMUKHI SCRIPT","display_name":"ON SEGMENTATION OF TOUCHING CHARACTERS AND OVERLAPPING LINES IN DEGRADED PRINTED GURMUKHI SCRIPT","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149049537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467809003460","mag":"2149049537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219467809003460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467809003460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102297105","display_name":"Manish Kumar Jindal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51452335","display_name":"Panjab University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p2sbk06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MANISH KUMAR JINDAL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Applications, Panjab University Regional Center, Muktsar, Punjab 152026, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Applications, Panjab University Regional Center, Muktsar, Punjab 152026, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025442453","display_name":"Gurpreet Singh Lehal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6152-8050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79161377","display_name":"Punjabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xdn8y92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79161377"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GURPREET SINGH LEHAL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79161377"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101744267","display_name":"Rajendra Kumar Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0633-9921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162030827","display_name":"Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wdq3744","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RAJENDRA KUMAR SHARMA","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Applications, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Applications, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102297105"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2357,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92936455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"09","issue":"03","first_page":"321","last_page":"353"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.7493020296096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.7478382587432861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7444264888763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7077968120574951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.6305618286132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5719478130340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.55935138463974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-segmentation","display_name":"Market segmentation","score":0.5274959802627563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46685487031936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3641095757484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.32453763484954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14769986271858215}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7493020296096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.7478382587432861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7444264888763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7077968120574951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.6305618286132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5719478130340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.55935138463974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125308379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363057","display_name":"Market segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5274959802627563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46685487031936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3641095757484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32453763484954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14769986271858215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219467809003460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467809003460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93219384","https://openalex.org/W1874089778","https://openalex.org/W1968568012","https://openalex.org/W1982907973","https://openalex.org/W1983275987","https://openalex.org/W1988645645","https://openalex.org/W2004389124","https://openalex.org/W2030943647","https://openalex.org/W2035575611","https://openalex.org/W2043287180","https://openalex.org/W2056502757","https://openalex.org/W2064190344","https://openalex.org/W2064194361","https://openalex.org/W2066262955","https://openalex.org/W2107135714","https://openalex.org/W2126738248","https://openalex.org/W2151633502","https://openalex.org/W2154646934","https://openalex.org/W2155818555","https://openalex.org/W2158957762","https://openalex.org/W3098821875"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592395359","https://openalex.org/W2045342254","https://openalex.org/W2535231171","https://openalex.org/W1501331687","https://openalex.org/W4255512592","https://openalex.org/W2501551404","https://openalex.org/W2326647871","https://openalex.org/W4205247302","https://openalex.org/W2468652214","https://openalex.org/W1504527458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Character":[0],"segmentation":[1,20,146],"plays":[2],"a":[3,8,101,108,120],"very":[4],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,61,71,119,148],"text":[9,38],"recognition":[10],"system.":[11],"The":[12,81,92,110],"simple":[13],"technique":[14,29],"of":[15,68,89,107,112,122],"using":[16],"inter-character":[17],"gap":[18],"for":[19,23,95,143],"is":[21],"useful":[22],"fine":[24],"printed":[25,63,126],"documents,":[26],"but":[27],"this":[28,43],"fails":[30],"to":[31,50,57,139],"give":[32],"satisfactory":[33],"results":[34],"if":[35],"the":[36,86,105,145],"input":[37],"contains":[39],"touching":[40,52,69],"characters.":[41],"In":[42],"paper,":[44],"we":[45],"have":[46,78],"proposed":[47,94],"two":[48],"algorithms":[49,142],"segment":[51,58],"characters,":[53],"and":[54,130],"one":[55],"algorithm":[56,93],"overlapping":[59,98,115],"lines":[60,99,116],"degraded":[62],"Gurmukhi":[64,90],"document.":[65],"Various":[66],"categories":[67],"characters":[70],"different":[72],"zones,":[73],"along":[74],"with":[75],"their":[76],"solutions,":[77],"been":[79],"proposed.":[80],"solution":[82],"methodology":[83],"extensively":[84],"uses":[85,100],"structural":[87],"properties":[88],"script.":[91],"segmenting":[96],"horizontally":[97,114],"heuristics":[102],"based":[103],"upon":[104],"height":[106],"character.":[109],"problem":[111],"multiple":[113],"may":[117],"occur":[118],"number":[121],"situations":[123],"such":[124],"as":[125],"newspapers,":[127],"old":[128],"magazines":[129],"books":[131],"etc.":[132],"Similarity":[133],"among":[134],"Indian":[135,150],"scripts":[136],"allows":[137],"us":[138],"use":[140],"these":[141],"solving":[144],"problems":[147],"other":[149],"languages":[151],"also.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
