{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2172223833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021946780400152x","title":"FACE AND FACIAL FEATURE TRACKING USING DEFORMABLE MODELS","display_name":"FACE AND FACIAL FEATURE TRACKING USING DEFORMABLE MODELS","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2172223833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021946780400152x","mag":"2172223833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s021946780400152x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021946780400152x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081042741","display_name":"Fadi Dornaika","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-9680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"F. DORNAIKA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, SE-581 11 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, SE-581 11 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003171947","display_name":"Jari Ahlberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6052-0441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291458624","display_name":"Swedish Defence Research Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/0470cgs30","country_code":"SE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291458624"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. AHLBERG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), SE-581 11 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), SE-581 11 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291458624"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081042741"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3665,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83599408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"04","issue":"03","first_page":"499","last_page":"532"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7973378896713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.781848669052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7573195099830627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7220937609672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-motion-capture","display_name":"Facial motion capture","score":0.62924724817276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-appearance-model","display_name":"Active appearance model","score":0.6112061142921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.592851459980011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.5211703777313232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monocular","display_name":"Monocular","score":0.504792332649231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.4565013349056244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.35566258430480957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3032989501953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.2731735408306122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.27160343527793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.26509809494018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.11279189586639404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7973378896713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.781848669052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7573195099830627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7220937609672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98907195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428562","display_name":"Facial motion capture","level":5,"score":0.62924724817276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.6112061142921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.592851459980011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.5211703777313232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65909025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1945033","display_name":"Monocular","level":2,"score":0.504792332649231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.4565013349056244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.35566258430480957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3032989501953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.2731735408306122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27160343527793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.26509809494018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.11279189586639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s021946780400152x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021946780400152x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509031088","https://openalex.org/W1588539311","https://openalex.org/W1825120740","https://openalex.org/W1951761863","https://openalex.org/W2038952578","https://openalex.org/W2055237513","https://openalex.org/W2085261163","https://openalex.org/W2088153921","https://openalex.org/W2096726845","https://openalex.org/W2103682126","https://openalex.org/W2121601095","https://openalex.org/W2125644353","https://openalex.org/W2133001582","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2148107745","https://openalex.org/W2152420030","https://openalex.org/W2159347374","https://openalex.org/W2168682262","https://openalex.org/W2601198546","https://openalex.org/W2913114081","https://openalex.org/W3169507310","https://openalex.org/W4292023222","https://openalex.org/W4319068731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989039360","https://openalex.org/W1560697087","https://openalex.org/W2378609488","https://openalex.org/W2560581052","https://openalex.org/W1972983025","https://openalex.org/W2607108626","https://openalex.org/W2152866379","https://openalex.org/W2884888700","https://openalex.org/W1568839460","https://openalex.org/W2023043839"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,28,83],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,34,62],"address":[4],"the":[5,13,37,42,50,78,86,103,120,128,131,148,158,161,170,175],"3D":[6,22,72,121],"tracking":[7,152,167],"of":[8,12,27,41,52,88,130,150,160,174],"pose":[9],"and":[10,39,92,110,117,166,172],"animation":[11],"human":[14],"face":[15,76,115,145],"in":[16,77],"monocular":[17],"image":[18],"sequences":[19],"using":[20,107,127],"deformable":[21,71],"models.":[23],"The":[24],"main":[25],"contributions":[26],"paper":[29],"are":[30,154,163],"as":[31],"follows.":[32],"First,":[33],"show":[35],"how":[36],"robustness":[38,173],"stability":[40],"Active":[43,132],"Appearance":[44,133],"Algorithm":[45],"can":[46],"be":[47],"improved":[48],"through":[49],"inclusion":[51],"a":[53,64,70,75,111,139],"simple":[54],"motion":[55,106],"compensation":[56],"based":[57],"on":[58],"feature":[59],"correspondence.":[60],"Second,":[61],"develop":[63],"new":[65],"method":[66,84,137],"able":[67],"to":[68,74,82,123],"adapt":[69],"model":[73,113,122],"input":[79],"image.":[80],"Central":[81],"is":[85,98],"decoupling":[87,97],"global":[89,104],"head":[90],"movements":[91],"local":[93,125],"non-rigid":[94],"deformations/animations.":[95],"This":[96,135],"achieved":[99],"by,":[100],"first,":[101],"estimating":[102],"(rigid)":[105],"robust":[108],"statistics":[109],"statistical":[112],"for":[114],"texture,":[116],"then,":[118],"adapting":[119],"possible":[124],"animations":[126],"concept":[129],"Algorithm.":[134],"proposed":[136],"constitutes":[138],"significant":[140],"step":[141],"towards":[142],"reliable":[143],"model-based":[144],"trackers":[146],"since":[147],"strengths":[149],"complementary":[151],"methodologies":[153],"combined.":[155],"Experiments":[156],"evaluating":[157],"effectiveness":[159],"methods":[162],"reported.":[164],"Adaptation":[165],"examples":[168],"demonstrate":[169],"feasibility":[171],"developed":[176],"methods.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}