{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2082731470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467801000128","title":"FUZZY IMAGE PROCESSING AND RECOGNITION: UNCERTAINTY HANDLING AND APPLICATIONS","display_name":"FUZZY IMAGE PROCESSING AND RECOGNITION: UNCERTAINTY HANDLING AND APPLICATIONS","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2082731470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467801000128","mag":"2082731470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219467801000128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467801000128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037803714","display_name":"Sankar K. Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3301-4751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"SANKAR K. PAL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta 700 035, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta 700 035, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037803714"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18294296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"01","issue":"02","first_page":"169","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6468578577041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.624278724193573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.5776940584182739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5666832327842712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5485610961914062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5396537780761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5027387142181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.46936729550361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-classification","display_name":"Fuzzy classification","score":0.466597318649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4324352741241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.42734652757644653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membership-function","display_name":"Membership function","score":0.42373090982437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38935357332229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.3437747061252594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3418036997318268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3285464942455292}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6468578577041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.624278724193573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.5776940584182739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5666832327842712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5485610961914062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5396537780761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5027387142181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.46936729550361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127385683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475696","display_name":"Fuzzy classification","level":4,"score":0.466597318649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4324352741241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.42734652757644653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5263885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967302","display_name":"Membership function","level":4,"score":0.42373090982437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38935357332229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.3437747061252594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3418036997318268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3285464942455292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219467801000128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467801000128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179611734","https://openalex.org/W413639665","https://openalex.org/W1556336529","https://openalex.org/W1971341559","https://openalex.org/W1971707777","https://openalex.org/W1972160071","https://openalex.org/W1972544340","https://openalex.org/W1972748976","https://openalex.org/W1975805545","https://openalex.org/W1978655323","https://openalex.org/W1980618923","https://openalex.org/W1982952634","https://openalex.org/W1986874837","https://openalex.org/W1987469094","https://openalex.org/W1988416256","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2003892275","https://openalex.org/W2004050640","https://openalex.org/W2008863945","https://openalex.org/W2010023467","https://openalex.org/W2011600370","https://openalex.org/W2017072914","https://openalex.org/W2017289196","https://openalex.org/W2017824631","https://openalex.org/W2018867844","https://openalex.org/W2020734959","https://openalex.org/W2024794088","https://openalex.org/W2026829949","https://openalex.org/W2039645904","https://openalex.org/W2040121225","https://openalex.org/W2042415703","https://openalex.org/W2046630304","https://openalex.org/W2048596282","https://openalex.org/W2048819046","https://openalex.org/W2049501314","https://openalex.org/W2052746301","https://openalex.org/W2057621577","https://openalex.org/W2059645959","https://openalex.org/W2064007094","https://openalex.org/W2068402605","https://openalex.org/W2072526455","https://openalex.org/W2080253716","https://openalex.org/W2082938722","https://openalex.org/W2083023616","https://openalex.org/W2089783231","https://openalex.org/W2090753144","https://openalex.org/W2094050562","https://openalex.org/W2094510831","https://openalex.org/W2101914435","https://openalex.org/W2114510694","https://openalex.org/W2125519213","https://openalex.org/W2131746228","https://openalex.org/W2132839152","https://openalex.org/W2144432839","https://openalex.org/W2146505968","https://openalex.org/W2148644417","https://openalex.org/W2153242206","https://openalex.org/W2158853513","https://openalex.org/W2163567350","https://openalex.org/W2306050440","https://openalex.org/W2987631969","https://openalex.org/W4246525814","https://openalex.org/W4252410133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166637398","https://openalex.org/W2374152511","https://openalex.org/W2148925928","https://openalex.org/W154406135","https://openalex.org/W1486684451","https://openalex.org/W2066929655","https://openalex.org/W1487720066","https://openalex.org/W2335465146","https://openalex.org/W2040464855","https://openalex.org/W22698454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"processing":[1,62],"and":[2,17,37,81],"analysis":[3],"in":[4,14,24,52],"fuzzy":[5,21,35,38,60],"set":[6,22],"theoretic":[7],"framework":[8],"is":[9,47,107],"addressed.":[10],"Various":[11],"uncertainties":[12],"involved":[13],"these":[15],"problems":[16],"the":[18,50],"relevance":[19],"of":[20,40,57],"theory":[23],"handling":[25],"them":[26],"are":[27,43,74,101],"explained.":[28],"Different":[29],"image":[30,41,61,96],"ambiguity":[31],"measures":[32],"based":[33],"on":[34,49],"entropy":[36],"geometry":[39],"subsets":[42],"mentioned.":[44],"A":[45],"discussion":[46],"made":[48],"flexibility":[51],"choosing":[53],"membership":[54],"functions.":[55],"Illustrations":[56],"commonly":[58],"used":[59],"operations":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65],"enhancement,":[66],"edge":[67],"detection":[68],"segmentation,":[69],"skeleton":[70],"extraction,":[71],"feature":[72],"extraction":[73],"then":[75],"provided,":[76],"along":[77],"with":[78],"their":[79],"significance":[80],"characteristics.":[82],"Their":[83],"applications":[84],"to":[85],"some":[86],"real":[87],"life":[88],"problems,":[89],"e.g.,":[90],"motion":[91],"frame":[92],"analysis,":[93,97],"remotely":[94],"sensed":[95],"modeling":[98],"face":[99],"images":[100],"finally":[102],"described.":[103],"An":[104],"extensive":[105],"bibliography":[106],"also":[108],"provided.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}