{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391481813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923300015","title":"A Systematic Analysis, Outstanding Challenges, and Future Prospects for Routing Protocols and Machine Learning Algorithms in Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks","display_name":"A Systematic Analysis, Outstanding Challenges, and Future Prospects for Routing Protocols and Machine Learning Algorithms in Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391481813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923300015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219265923300015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923300015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63112013","display_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","issn_l":"0219-2659","issn":["0219-2659","1793-6713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073684928","display_name":"M Shwetha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204743663","display_name":"University of Mysore","ror":"https://ror.org/012bxv356","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204743663"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Shwetha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Studies in Electronics, University of Mysore, P G Centre, Hemagangotri, Hassan, Karnataka 573220, India","Department of Studies in Electronics, University of Mysore, P G Centre, Hemagangotri, Hassan, Karnataka 573220, India, shwethamohan861@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0433-3286","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Studies in Electronics, University of Mysore, P G Centre, Hemagangotri, Hassan, Karnataka 573220, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204743663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Studies in Electronics, University of Mysore, P G Centre, Hemagangotri, Hassan, Karnataka 573220, India, shwethamohan861@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204743663"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056185294","display_name":"S. Krishnaveni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8062-7839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204743663","display_name":"University of Mysore","ror":"https://ror.org/012bxv356","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204743663"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sannathammegowda Krishnaveni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8062-7839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204743663"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056185294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204743663"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7824,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96482113,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"01","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9528999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9290000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6592845916748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.6364177465438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-sensor","display_name":"Acoustic sensor","score":0.5970780253410339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.53934645652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.4731258749961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41529643535614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.38990697264671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38413259387016296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.37172022461891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18011638522148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11106666922569275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09199881553649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.08996382355690002}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6592845916748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.6364177465438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986501211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustic sensor","level":2,"score":0.5970780253410339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.53934645652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.4731258749961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41529643535614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.38990697264671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38413259387016296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.37172022461891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18011638522148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11106666922569275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09199881553649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.08996382355690002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219265923300015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219265923300015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63112013","display_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","issn_l":"0219-2659","issn":["0219-2659","1793-6713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Interconnection Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":94,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912794060","https://openalex.org/W2994675913","https://openalex.org/W2999139493","https://openalex.org/W3003938966","https://openalex.org/W3004805950","https://openalex.org/W3006338628","https://openalex.org/W3007843260","https://openalex.org/W3011767857","https://openalex.org/W3017321341","https://openalex.org/W3024115737","https://openalex.org/W3026489262","https://openalex.org/W3035580709","https://openalex.org/W3035816547","https://openalex.org/W3039082638","https://openalex.org/W3046673630","https://openalex.org/W3048182041","https://openalex.org/W3090294925","https://openalex.org/W3093590942","https://openalex.org/W3094055055","https://openalex.org/W3112635774","https://openalex.org/W3113658335","https://openalex.org/W3118601515","https://openalex.org/W3119915333","https://openalex.org/W3120599828","https://openalex.org/W3127540743","https://openalex.org/W3128288172","https://openalex.org/W3128965135","https://openalex.org/W3130492125","https://openalex.org/W3131940759","https://openalex.org/W3132323871","https://openalex.org/W3133574061","https://openalex.org/W3134865782","https://openalex.org/W3138708451","https://openalex.org/W3158060874","https://openalex.org/W3158561881","https://openalex.org/W3158867600","https://openalex.org/W3160014047","https://openalex.org/W3166691606","https://openalex.org/W3168691276","https://openalex.org/W3173648836","https://openalex.org/W3186110281","https://openalex.org/W3186173209","https://openalex.org/W3194140050","https://openalex.org/W3202834883","https://openalex.org/W3203596948","https://openalex.org/W3212572738","https://openalex.org/W3214137637","https://openalex.org/W3215833533","https://openalex.org/W4206233325","https://openalex.org/W4206962084","https://openalex.org/W4210914450","https://openalex.org/W4212817512","https://openalex.org/W4213078322","https://openalex.org/W4220952099","https://openalex.org/W4221003558","https://openalex.org/W4221043861","https://openalex.org/W4224284983","https://openalex.org/W4224943569","https://openalex.org/W4225271676","https://openalex.org/W4226247419","https://openalex.org/W4285815743","https://openalex.org/W4295183066","https://openalex.org/W4296598218","https://openalex.org/W4297175624","https://openalex.org/W4303982408","https://openalex.org/W4306410090","https://openalex.org/W4309146789","https://openalex.org/W4313241472","https://openalex.org/W4313466957","https://openalex.org/W4313546749","https://openalex.org/W4313855823","https://openalex.org/W4315491715","https://openalex.org/W4319001047","https://openalex.org/W4361287227","https://openalex.org/W4361299245","https://openalex.org/W4366978924","https://openalex.org/W4372081760","https://openalex.org/W4378979371","https://openalex.org/W4381745536","https://openalex.org/W4381805382","https://openalex.org/W4382699508","https://openalex.org/W4382808261","https://openalex.org/W4383093090","https://openalex.org/W4385338544","https://openalex.org/W4385412832","https://openalex.org/W4385557357","https://openalex.org/W4385607532","https://openalex.org/W4385709259","https://openalex.org/W4386124369","https://openalex.org/W4386521869","https://openalex.org/W4386920138","https://openalex.org/W4386973199","https://openalex.org/W4387072789","https://openalex.org/W4387717619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388412763","https://openalex.org/W1999583034","https://openalex.org/W2556643280","https://openalex.org/W2066466432","https://openalex.org/W2889046482","https://openalex.org/W1989468614","https://openalex.org/W2091581981","https://openalex.org/W2406682302","https://openalex.org/W4328007051","https://openalex.org/W4312999333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Water":[0],"has":[1],"covered":[2],"a":[3,42,66,87,91,96,173,195],"wide":[4],"part":[5],"of":[6,44,69,76,93,137,197,252,265],"the":[7,74,77,111,126,135,138,189,231,236,244,263,277,302],"earth\u2019s":[8],"surface.":[9],"Oceans":[10],"and":[11,18,30,39,56,95,224,239,268,286],"other":[12],"water":[13],"bodies":[14],"contain":[15],"significant":[16],"natural":[17],"environmental":[19],"resources":[20],"as":[21,23,50,52,65],"well":[22],"aquatic":[24],"life.":[25],"Due":[26],"to":[27,114,130,168,178,191,247,261],"humans\u2019":[28],"hazardous":[29],"unsuitable":[31],"underwater":[32,58,141],"(UW)":[33],"settings,":[34],"these":[35,116],"are":[36,165,201,210,228,254],"generally":[37],"undiscovered":[38],"unknown.":[40],"As":[41,172],"result":[43],"its":[45,131],"widespread":[46],"utility":[47],"in":[48,140,212,273,301],"fields":[49],"diverse":[51],"oceanography,":[53,57],"ecology,":[54],"seismology,":[55],"wireless":[59,142],"sensor":[60,104,144,162],"networks":[61],"(UWSNs)":[62],"have":[63,188],"emerged":[64],"cutting-edge":[67],"area":[68],"study.":[70],"Despite":[71],"their":[72,155],"usefulness,":[73],"performance":[75,240],"network":[78,89,145],"is":[79,100,110,149,176,271],"hampered":[80],"by":[81,234],"factors":[82],"including":[83,214,235],"excessive":[84],"propagation":[85],"delay,":[86],"changing":[88],"architecture,":[90],"lack":[92],"bandwidth,":[94],"battery":[97],"life":[98],"that":[99,216],"too":[101],"short":[102],"on":[103,181,218,299],"nodes.":[105],"Developing":[106],"effective":[107,119],"routing":[108,120,147,182,193,206,282,296],"protocols":[109,148,233,297],"best":[112],"way":[113],"overcome":[115],"challenges.":[117],"An":[118],"protocol":[121,283],"can":[122,290],"relay":[123],"data":[124],"from":[125],"network\u2019s":[127],"root":[128],"node":[129,163,266],"final":[132],"destination.":[133],"Therefore,":[134],"state":[136],"art":[139],"acoustic":[143],"(UWASN)":[146],"assessed":[150],"with":[151,256],"an":[152],"eye":[153],"toward":[154],"potential":[156],"for":[157,208,230],"development.":[158],"In":[159,259],"real-world":[160],"applications,":[161],"positions":[164],"frequently":[166],"used":[167],"locate":[169],"relevant":[170],"information.":[171],"result,":[174],"it":[175],"crucial":[177],"conduct":[179],"research":[180,284],"protocols.":[183],"Reinforcement":[184],"learning":[185,203,220],"(RL)":[186],"algorithms":[187],"ability":[190],"enhance":[192],"under":[194],"variety":[196],"conditions":[198],"because":[199],"they":[200],"experience-based":[202],"algorithms.":[204],"Underwater":[205],"methods":[207],"UWSN":[209,253],"reviewed":[211],"detail,":[213],"those":[215],"rely":[217],"machine":[219],"(ML),":[221],"energy,":[222],"clustering":[223],"evolutionary":[225],"approaches.":[226],"Tables":[227],"incorporated":[229],"suggested":[232],"benefits,":[237],"drawbacks,":[238],"assessments,":[241],"which":[242,289],"make":[243],"information":[245],"easier":[246],"digest.":[248],"Also,":[249],"several":[250],"applications":[251],"discussed":[255,272],"security":[257],"considerations.":[258],"addition":[260],"this,":[262],"analysis":[264],"deployment":[267],"residual":[269],"energy":[270],"this":[274],"review.":[275],"Furthermore,":[276],"domain":[278],"review":[279],"emphasizes":[280],"UW":[281],"difficulties":[285],"future":[287],"directions,":[288],"help":[291],"researchers":[292],"create":[293],"more":[294],"efficient":[295],"based":[298],"ML":[300],"future.":[303]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
