{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983263326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219198910002763","title":"TWO-STEP \"WIN-STAY, LOSE-SHIFT\" AND LEARNING TO COOPERATE IN THE REPEATED PRISONER'S DILEMMA","display_name":"TWO-STEP \"WIN-STAY, LOSE-SHIFT\" AND LEARNING TO COOPERATE IN THE REPEATED PRISONER'S DILEMMA","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983263326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219198910002763","mag":"1983263326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219198910002763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219198910002763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130757258","display_name":"International Game Theory Review","issn_l":"0219-1989","issn":["0219-1989","1793-6675"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Game Theory Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058276621","display_name":"A.V. Kryazhimskiy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317774081","display_name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","ror":"https://ror.org/02wfhk785","country_code":"AT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801160905","display_name":"Steklov Mathematical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03zeg8w71","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I2801160905","https://openalex.org/I4210124601"]}],"countries":["AT","RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ARKADY KRYAZHIMSKIY","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria","Steklov Mathematical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Steklov Mathematical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801160905","https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058276621"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I1317774081","https://openalex.org/I2801160905"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19027663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"04","first_page":"437","last_page":"451"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selfishness","display_name":"Selfishness","score":0.7674657702445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilemma","display_name":"Dilemma","score":0.7617014646530151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prisoners-dilemma","display_name":"Prisoner's dilemma","score":0.7511038780212402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeated-game","display_name":"Repeated game","score":0.5518357753753662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/win-win-game","display_name":"Win-win game","score":0.515740692615509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.45723092555999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-dominance","display_name":"Strategic dominance","score":0.452961266040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.42690715193748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.41912639141082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.41672801971435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superrationality","display_name":"Superrationality","score":0.4126568138599396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.4104885458946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3066316843032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.2734692394733429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1461949348449707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778841147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36381317","display_name":"Selfishness","level":2,"score":0.7674657702445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.7617014646530151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113494165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41693","display_name":"Prisoner's dilemma","level":3,"score":0.7511038780212402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202556891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1584646","display_name":"Repeated game","level":3,"score":0.5518357753753662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119546897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432170","display_name":"Win-win game","level":2,"score":0.515740692615509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.45723092555999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123650614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282491","display_name":"Strategic dominance","level":2,"score":0.452961266040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.42690715193748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.41912639141082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.41672801971435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90659851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1300745","display_name":"Superrationality","level":4,"score":0.4126568138599396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4104885458946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3066316843032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2734692394733429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1461949348449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0219198910002763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219198910002763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130757258","display_name":"International Game Theory Review","issn_l":"0219-1989","issn":["0219-1989","1793-6675"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Game Theory Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wsi:igtrxx:v:12:y:2010:i:04:n:s0219198910002763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0219198910002763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wsi:igtrxx:v:12:y:2010:i:04:p:437-451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.worldscinet.com/cgi-bin/details.cgi?type=html&id=pii:S0219198910002763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.iiasa.ac.at:9151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/9151/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401423","display_name":"IIASA PURE (International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1317774081","host_organization_name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976528791","https://openalex.org/W1979025384","https://openalex.org/W2013635262","https://openalex.org/W2035266053","https://openalex.org/W2042252765","https://openalex.org/W2051290456","https://openalex.org/W4243845907"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2129990955","https://openalex.org/W2765637069","https://openalex.org/W2160484218","https://openalex.org/W1829339509","https://openalex.org/W3122059234","https://openalex.org/W4299530539","https://openalex.org/W2108238158","https://openalex.org/W4380049051","https://openalex.org/W2328206109","https://openalex.org/W1971990996"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"standard":[1,188],"win-stay,":[2,117,182,189,226,272,322],"lose-shift":[3,118,126,183,190,227,273,323],"behavior":[4,119,228,274],"strategy":[5],"in":[6,19,33,85,128,144,154,159,229,258,291],"the":[7,13,34,57,62,86,123,145,180,187,194,202,224,244,264,277,289,305],"repeated":[8,203,245],"Prisoner's":[9,204,246],"Dilemma":[10,205,247],"game":[11,22,206,248,251,257,265,290],"prescribes":[12],"players":[14,278],"that":[15,120,143,193,276,309],"win":[16],"and":[17,26,38,49,76,132,148,255],"lose":[18],"a":[20,67,71,90,109,115,155,161,175,250,256,259,269,292,301,311,320],"current":[21,31],"round":[23,88],"to":[24,27,81,83,92,167,186,207,216,218,233,303,318,325],"keep":[25],"change,":[28],"respectively,":[29,55],"their":[30],"actions,":[32],"next":[35,87],"round.":[36],"Winning":[37],"losing":[39],"are":[40],"understood":[41],"as":[42,70,105,232],"receiving":[43],"one":[44,50,127,221],"of":[45,51,130,174,179,243,252,261,266,294,314],"two":[46,52,199,241,253,267],"upper":[47],"values":[48,60],"lower":[53],"values,":[54],"among":[56],"four":[58],"admissible":[59],"for":[61,108],"players'":[63],"benefits.":[64],"In":[65,210,263,288],"particular,":[66,160],"player":[68,135],"acting":[69],"cooperator":[72],"against":[73],"cooperation":[74,164],"wins":[75,136],"therefore":[77],"is":[78,140,153,169,192,215,284,297,316],"not":[79,170,197],"allowed":[80],"switch":[82,162],"defection":[84,168],"with":[89,240,286],"hope":[91],"gain":[93],"more":[94,157,176],"(provided":[95],"his/her":[96,138],"rival":[97],"keeps":[98],"cooperating).":[99],"This":[100,151],"constraint":[101],"can":[102,222],"be":[103],"viewed":[104],"too":[106],"strong":[107],"selfish":[110,177],"player.":[111],"Here,":[112],"we":[113],"discuss":[114],"two-step":[116,181,225,271,321],"differs":[121],"from":[122,163],"traditional":[124],"win-stay":[125],"understanding":[129],"winning":[131],"losing.":[133],"A":[134],"if":[137],"benefit":[139],"no":[141],"smaller":[142],"previous":[146],"round,":[147],"loses":[149],"otherwise.":[150],"pattern":[152],"sense":[156],"selfish;":[158],"(against":[165],"cooperation)":[166],"forbidden.":[171],"Another":[172],"confirmation":[173],"character":[178],"behavior,":[184],"compared":[185],"one,":[191],"former":[195],"does":[196],"bring":[198],"individuals":[200,254],"playing":[201],"mutual":[208,235],"cooperation.":[209],"this":[211],"paper,":[212],"our":[213],"goal":[214],"understand":[217],"what":[219],"degree":[220,313],"relax":[223],"selfishness":[230],"so":[231],"reach":[234],"cooperation,":[236],"anyway.":[237],"We":[238,307],"deal":[239],"models":[242],"\u2014":[249],"group":[260,293,324],"players.":[262],"individuals,":[268],"relaxed":[270],"assumes":[275],"use":[279],"mixed":[280],"strategies;":[281],"here,":[282],"relaxation":[283,296],"associated":[285],"patience.":[287],"players,":[295],"achieved":[298],"through":[299],"conformity,":[300],"tendency":[302],"join":[304],"majority.":[306],"show":[308],"even":[310],"small":[312],"conformity":[315],"enough":[317],"teach":[319],"cooperate.":[326]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}