{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4229891177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021848850700442x","title":"INTRODUCTION","display_name":"INTRODUCTION","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4229891177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021848850700442x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s021848850700442x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021848850700442x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69518169","display_name":"International Journal of Uncertainty Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems","issn_l":"0218-4885","issn":["0218-4885","1793-6411"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006392496","display_name":"Nicol\u00e1s Mar\u0131\u0301n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-5150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"NICOL\u00c1S MAR\u00cdN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Databases and Information Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Databases and Information Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084143284","display_name":"M.A. Vila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2773-3306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. AMPARO VILA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Databases and Information Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Databases and Information Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006392496"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3804,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73945754,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"supp01","first_page":"v","last_page":"vii"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.9047999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.634224534034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5245726108551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5158337950706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.4436039626598358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4363930821418762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/download","display_name":"Download","score":0.41036278009414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40147972106933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3257634937763214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.23972702026367188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07583367824554443}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.634224534034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5245726108551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5158337950706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.4436039626598358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4363930821418762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780154274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126717","display_name":"Download","level":2,"score":0.41036278009414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40147972106933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3257634937763214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.23972702026367188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07583367824554443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s021848850700442x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021848850700442x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69518169","display_name":"International Journal of Uncertainty Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems","issn_l":"0218-4885","issn":["0218-4885","1793-6411"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183842793","https://openalex.org/W2485259751","https://openalex.org/W4243876796","https://openalex.org/W2485273903","https://openalex.org/W2482041988","https://openalex.org/W2497349655","https://openalex.org/W2790809966","https://openalex.org/W4287615848","https://openalex.org/W4291722174","https://openalex.org/W2489685223"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-05-11T00:00:00"}