{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2031707056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213092000181","title":"COOP: A SELF-ASSESSMENT BASED APPROACH TO COOPERATING EXPERT SYSTEMS","display_name":"COOP: A SELF-ASSESSMENT BASED APPROACH TO COOPERATING EXPERT SYSTEMS","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2031707056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213092000181","mag":"2031707056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213092000181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213092000181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102940260","display_name":"Shashi Shekhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3191-3879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"SHASHI SHEKHAR","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038231385","display_name":"C. V. Ramamoorthy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. V. RAMAMOORTHY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102940260"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.606,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85216953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"01","issue":"02","first_page":"175","last_page":"204"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.964900016784668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8503211736679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.7213706970214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blackboard","display_name":"Blackboard (design pattern)","score":0.6568549871444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6167314052581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4807688891887665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject-matter-expert","display_name":"Subject-matter expert","score":0.4760192036628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blackboard-system","display_name":"Blackboard system","score":0.43652305006980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-expert-system","display_name":"Legal expert system","score":0.42364686727523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-based-systems","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","score":0.41860082745552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.36117488145828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29607000946998596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8503211736679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.7213706970214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778308757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23601418","display_name":"Blackboard (design pattern)","level":2,"score":0.6568549871444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6167314052581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4807688891887665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105002631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4833645","display_name":"Subject-matter expert","level":3,"score":0.4760192036628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157273737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753023","display_name":"Blackboard system","level":3,"score":0.43652305006980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102600418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6517507","display_name":"Legal expert system","level":3,"score":0.42364686727523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.41860082745552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.36117488145828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29607000946998596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213092000181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213092000181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540184605","https://openalex.org/W2186155471","https://openalex.org/W2479922357","https://openalex.org/W2358841852","https://openalex.org/W4248816988","https://openalex.org/W2156650561","https://openalex.org/W2183471694","https://openalex.org/W2395929705","https://openalex.org/W1988622546","https://openalex.org/W850230580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"Expert":[1],"System":[2],"Shells":[3],"do":[4],"not":[5],"help":[6,74],"in":[7,75,103],"developing":[8],"AI":[9],"programs":[10],"for":[11,35,45,86],"large":[12],"applications":[13],"like":[14,64],"automated":[15],"factories,":[16],"which":[17,22],"require":[18],"multi-disciplinary":[19],"knowledge":[20,50],"and":[21,56,69,88],"are":[23],"geographically":[24],"distributed.":[25],"To":[26],"support":[27,95],"these":[28],"applications,":[29],"a":[30,36,109],"shell":[31],"must":[32],"provide":[33,126],"tools":[34],"knowledge-based":[37],"system":[38,117],"to":[39,51,98,112,119],"(i)":[40],"reason":[41],"about":[42,83],"the":[43,84,104],"need":[44,85],"cooperation,":[46],"(ii)":[47],"understand":[48],"global":[49,91],"locate":[52],"relevant":[53],"expert":[54,116,123],"systems":[55],"(iii)":[57],"select":[58,128],"appropriate":[59,129],"cooperation":[60,78,87,96,105,130],"plans.":[61,131],"Contemporary":[62],"approaches":[63],"Blackboard":[65],"[1],":[66],"Contract-net":[67],"[2]":[68],"Distributed":[70],"problem":[71],"solving":[72],"[3]":[73],"exploring":[76],"alternative":[77],"plans":[79],"without":[80],"any":[81],"reasoning":[82],"understanding":[89],"of":[90],"knowledge.":[92],"Coop":[93],"[4]":[94],"models":[97],"characterize":[99],"three":[100],"essential":[101],"decisions":[102],"process.":[106],"It":[107],"provides":[108],"computational":[110],"method":[111],"decide":[113],"if":[114],"an":[115],"needs":[118],"consult":[120],"with":[121],"other":[122],"systems.":[124],"We":[125],"techniques":[127]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}