{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4315574160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213023600096","title":"QHAN: Quantum-inspired Hierarchical Attention Mechanism Network for Question Answering","display_name":"QHAN: Quantum-inspired Hierarchical Attention Mechanism Network for Question Answering","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4315574160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213023600096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213023600096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213023600096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102744743","display_name":"Peng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-5423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094772","display_name":"Henan University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/007wym039","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094772"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-5423","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094772"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408494","display_name":"Panpan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-5140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36152291","display_name":"Henan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbgwt55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Panpan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100408494"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6345,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71363844,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"05","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.954800009727478,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8260982036590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.7393579483032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.7356666326522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.6799312829971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5664607882499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5149853825569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5045288801193237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4438266456127167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.43665066361427307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.42185044288635254}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8260982036590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.7393579483032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.7356666326522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6799312829971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5664607882499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5149853825569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5045288801193237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4438266456127167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.43665066361427307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.42185044288635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213023600096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213023600096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508593203","https://openalex.org/W1915024344","https://openalex.org/W2008426564","https://openalex.org/W2059059956","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2096927441","https://openalex.org/W2137852732","https://openalex.org/W2335622251","https://openalex.org/W2792702054","https://openalex.org/W4211080241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356380379","https://openalex.org/W2081764088","https://openalex.org/W20999564","https://openalex.org/W2033261979","https://openalex.org/W2035950535","https://openalex.org/W207304934","https://openalex.org/W159132833","https://openalex.org/W4307308917","https://openalex.org/W4232075716","https://openalex.org/W4385573168"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26],"approach":[1],"to":[2,39,88,203,229],"question":[3,18,32,63,98,172,220,238],"answering":[4,221],"is":[5,55,75,227,242],"challenging":[6],"because":[7],"it":[8,77],"usually":[9],"requires":[10],"finding":[11],"useful":[12],"information":[13,28,103],"from":[14,30,94],"within":[15],"and":[16,19,33,51,64,80,99,109,138,142,150,173,176,189,207,232,239,250],"between":[17,62],"answer":[20,34,65,92,100,174,240],"sentences":[21,167,175],"for":[22,44],"sentence":[23,93,185,241],"semantic":[24,40,53,107,186],"matching.":[25],"key":[27,166,177],"mined":[29],"existing":[31],"sentences,":[35,101],"as":[36],"a":[37,95,111,117,157,169,180],"supplement":[38],"information,":[41],"maybe":[42],"helpful":[43],"this":[45],"task.":[46],"However,":[47],"capturing":[48],"the":[49,59,68,90,124,132,143,194,204,219,230,236,243],"intra-sentence":[50,249],"inter-sentence":[52,251],"interactions":[54],"somewhat":[56],"difficult":[57],"given":[58],"implicit":[60],"interrelationships":[61],"sentences.":[66],"Although":[67],"learning":[69],"effect":[70],"of":[71,97,127,171,196,200,248],"multi-layer":[72],"neural":[73],"network":[74,120],"good,":[76],"lacks":[78],"explanatory":[79],"theoretical":[81],"support.":[82],"This":[83],"paper":[84],"mainly":[85],"studies":[86],"how":[87],"select":[89],"best":[91,244],"set":[96,170],"mine":[102],"more":[104],"effectively,":[105],"perform":[106,184],"matching,":[108],"have":[110],"certain":[112],"interpretability.":[113],"Therefore,":[114],"we":[115],"propose":[116],"hierarchical":[118],"attention":[119,133,144,252],"(QHAN)":[121],"based":[122],"on":[123,218],"mathematical":[125],"framework":[126],"quantum":[128,136,147,214],"theory,":[129],"which":[130],"integrates":[131],"mechanism":[134,145],"under":[135,146],"measurement":[137,149],"density":[139],"matrix":[140],"(DMATT)":[141],"weak":[148,151],"value":[152],"(WMATT)":[153],"in":[154,156,168,179,198,246],"one":[155],"unified":[158],"model":[159],"framework.":[160],"QHAN":[161,192],"can":[162,233],"not":[163],"only":[164],"discover":[165],"words":[178],"sentence,":[181],"but":[182],"also":[183],"matching":[187],"quickly":[188],"accurately.":[190],"Furthermore,":[191],"has":[193],"advantage":[195],"interpretability":[197],"terms":[199,247],"models":[201],"due":[202],"physical":[205],"meaning":[206],"attentional":[208],"full":[209],"weight":[210],"distribution":[211],"implied":[212],"by":[213],"theory.":[215],"Extensive":[216],"experiments":[217],"dataset":[222],"show":[223],"that":[224],"our":[225],"method":[226],"comparable":[228],"baselines":[231],"explain":[234],"why":[235],"selected":[237],"option":[245],"distributions.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
