{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2050296850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213008003893","title":"NATURE INSPIRED INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE: ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION FOR PAP-SMEAR DIAGNOSIS","display_name":"NATURE INSPIRED INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE: ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION FOR PAP-SMEAR DIAGNOSIS","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2050296850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213008003893","mag":"2050296850"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213008003893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213008003893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058880006","display_name":"Yannis Marinakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1989-5815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55741626","display_name":"Technical University of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/03f8bz564","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"YANNIS MARINAKIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Crete, Department of Production Engineering and Management, University Campus, Kounoupidiana, Chania 73100, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Crete, Department of Production Engineering and Management, University Campus, Kounoupidiana, Chania 73100, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112247169","display_name":"Georgios Dounias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8130-1766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98805295","display_name":"University of the Aegean","ror":"https://ror.org/03zsp3p94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GEORGIOS DOUNIAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Aegean, Department of Financial and Management Engineering, Management and Decision Engineering Laboratory, 31 Fostini Str., Chios 82100, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Aegean, Department of Financial and Management Engineering, Management and Decision Engineering Laboratory, 31 Fostini Str., Chios 82100, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058880006"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7161,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87227955,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"02","first_page":"279","last_page":"301"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8184549808502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-colony-optimization-algorithms","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","score":0.7940725088119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5821400880813599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5532941222190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.549938976764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5135531425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-colony","display_name":"Ant colony","score":0.4937172830104828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.48729264736175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4716968536376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","score":0.4483613967895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4222663938999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38485753536224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3395377993583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.263258159160614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09896188974380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.09166556596755981}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8184549808502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40128228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460851","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","level":2,"score":0.7940725088119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5821400880813599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5532941222190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.549938976764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5135531425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60891933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796575","display_name":"Ant colony","level":3,"score":0.4937172830104828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.48729264736175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4716968536376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.4483613967895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4222663938999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38485753536224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3395377993583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.263258159160614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09896188974380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.09166556596755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213008003893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213008003893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523989055","https://openalex.org/W1726806267","https://openalex.org/W2017337590","https://openalex.org/W2084134149","https://openalex.org/W2089804104","https://openalex.org/W2100548522","https://openalex.org/W2102184039","https://openalex.org/W2114922831","https://openalex.org/W2116045745","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2130759652","https://openalex.org/W2136061923","https://openalex.org/W2138993238","https://openalex.org/W2148633389","https://openalex.org/W2151554678","https://openalex.org/W4299796063","https://openalex.org/W4400525487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2347969533","https://openalex.org/W2612694818","https://openalex.org/W2155027171","https://openalex.org/W2016475942","https://openalex.org/W2388217074","https://openalex.org/W2394153495","https://openalex.org/W2363465025","https://openalex.org/W2352212117","https://openalex.org/W2300135944","https://openalex.org/W192709900"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,26,31,39,49,71,76,79,110,133,152,161],"last":[2],"years":[3],"nature":[4],"inspired":[5],"intelligent":[6],"techniques":[7],"have":[8],"become":[9],"attractive":[10],"for":[11,38,69],"analyzing":[12],"large":[13],"data":[14],"sets":[15,95],"and":[16,109,122,132,145],"solving":[17],"complex":[18],"optimization":[19],"problems.":[20],"In":[21],"this":[22],"paper,":[23],"one":[24,100],"of":[25,29,41,64,78,96,102,105,114,165],"most":[27],"interesting":[28],"them,":[30],"Ant":[32],"Colony":[33],"Optimization":[34],"(ACO),":[35],"is":[36,58,91,126],"used":[37],"construction":[40],"a":[42,62,156],"hybrid":[43],"algorithmic":[44,56,89],"scheme":[45,90],"which":[46],"effectively":[47],"handles":[48],"Pap":[50],"Smear":[51],"Cell":[52],"classification":[53,73],"problem.":[54,85],"This":[55],"approach":[57],"properly":[59],"combined":[60],"with":[61],"number":[63],"nearest":[65],"neighbor":[66],"based":[67],"approaches":[68],"performing":[70],"requested":[72],"task,":[74],"through":[75],"solution":[77],"so-called":[80],"optimal":[81],"feature":[82],"subset":[83],"selection":[84],"The":[86,98],"proposed":[87],"complete":[88],"tested":[92],"in":[93],"two":[94],"data.":[97],"first":[99],"consists":[101,113],"917":[103],"images":[104],"pap":[106],"smear":[107],"cells":[108,134,144],"second":[111],"set":[112],"500":[115],"images,":[116],"classified":[117],"carefully":[118],"by":[119,128],"expert":[120],"cyto-technicians":[121],"doctors.":[123],"Each":[124],"cell":[125],"described":[127],"20":[129],"numerical":[130],"features,":[131],"fall":[135],"into":[136],"seven":[137],"(7)":[138],"classes,":[139],"four":[140],"(4)":[141],"representing":[142],"normal":[143,169],"three":[146],"(3)":[147],"abnormal":[148,171],"cases.":[149],"Nevertheless,":[150],"from":[151,170],"medical":[153],"diagnosis":[154],"viewpoint,":[155],"minimum":[157],"requirement":[158],"corresponds":[159],"to":[160],"general":[162],"two-class":[163],"problem":[164],"correct":[166],"separation":[167],"between":[168],"cells.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
