{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048068531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213006002746","title":"FEATURE EXTRACTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF FETAL HEART RATE USING WAVELET ANALYSIS AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES","display_name":"FEATURE EXTRACTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF FETAL HEART RATE USING WAVELET ANALYSIS AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048068531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213006002746","mag":"2048068531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213006002746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213006002746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022376997","display_name":"George Georgoulas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9701-4203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"GEORGE GEORGOULAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Automation & Robotics, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Automation & Robotics, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009967164","display_name":"Chrysostomos Stylios","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2888-6515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159397","display_name":"Technological Educational Institute of Epirus","ror":"https://ror.org/04brn7x66","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CHRYSOSTOMOS STYLIOS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications, Informatics and Management, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Artas, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications, Informatics and Management, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Artas, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021932394","display_name":"Peter P. Groumpos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0110-2696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PETER GROUMPOS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Automation & Robotics, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Automation & Robotics, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022376997"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9136,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90268573,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"03","first_page":"411","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11184","display_name":"Neonatal and fetal brain pathology","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11184","display_name":"Neonatal and fetal brain pathology","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7563480734825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7394075393676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6015377640724182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.578093945980072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.560076892375946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fetal-heart-rate","display_name":"Fetal heart rate","score":0.554844081401825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5404435396194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5203654170036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-fetal-monitoring","display_name":"Electronic fetal monitoring","score":0.48518234491348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4775213301181793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/umbilical-artery","display_name":"Umbilical artery","score":0.43030819296836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.37352675199508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fetus","display_name":"Fetus","score":0.23737788200378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.23444345593452454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.21456119418144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pregnancy","display_name":"Pregnancy","score":0.12411227822303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.09239938855171204}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7563480734825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7394075393676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6015377640724182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.578093945980072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.560076892375946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020626262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886292","display_name":"Fetal heart rate","level":4,"score":0.554844081401825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5404435396194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5203654170036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911127645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886292","display_name":"Electronic fetal monitoring","level":5,"score":0.48518234491348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4775213301181793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778964498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1724233","display_name":"Umbilical artery","level":4,"score":0.43030819296836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37352675199508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172680121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26513","display_name":"Fetus","level":3,"score":0.23737788200378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.23444345593452454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21456119418144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.12411227822303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.09239938855171204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218213006002746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218213006002746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178780388","display_name":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools","issn_l":"0218-2130","issn":["0218-2130","1793-6349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W580414107","https://openalex.org/W1510073064","https://openalex.org/W1965551074","https://openalex.org/W1982597776","https://openalex.org/W1984769176","https://openalex.org/W1993220186","https://openalex.org/W1999893668","https://openalex.org/W2004372057","https://openalex.org/W2023054831","https://openalex.org/W2030167813","https://openalex.org/W2036335312","https://openalex.org/W2044869919","https://openalex.org/W2049613783","https://openalex.org/W2057112653","https://openalex.org/W2058722442","https://openalex.org/W2068609319","https://openalex.org/W2074857327","https://openalex.org/W2094828041","https://openalex.org/W2101205498","https://openalex.org/W2108995755","https://openalex.org/W2119650563","https://openalex.org/W2123577326","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2137568599","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2149662101","https://openalex.org/W2153808296","https://openalex.org/W2324484925","https://openalex.org/W2601784303","https://openalex.org/W3021706340","https://openalex.org/W4244912030","https://openalex.org/W4251887525","https://openalex.org/W4255272544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902888726","https://openalex.org/W2986195757","https://openalex.org/W2748735340","https://openalex.org/W63567303","https://openalex.org/W1992195696","https://openalex.org/W1990585092","https://openalex.org/W801734033","https://openalex.org/W3191462083","https://openalex.org/W4377043961","https://openalex.org/W401224450"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,14,34,41,52,86,104,107,118,122,130,145],"fetus":[2],"is":[3,22,51,63,135],"not":[4],"available":[5],"for":[6,25,80,129],"direct":[7],"observations,":[8],"only":[9],"indirect":[10],"information":[11],"can":[12],"guide":[13],"obstetrician":[15],"in":[16],"charge.":[17],"Electronic":[18],"Fetal":[19,35],"Monitoring":[20],"(EFM)":[21],"widely":[23],"used":[24],"assessing":[26],"fetal":[27,49],"well":[28],"being.":[29],"EFM":[30],"involves":[31],"detection":[32],"of":[33,85,106,117,124,141],"Heart":[36],"Rate":[37],"(FHR)":[38],"signal":[39,88,120],"and":[40,70,83,121],"Uterine":[42],"Activity":[43],"(UA)":[44],"signal.":[45],"The":[46,100,132],"most":[47],"serious":[48],"incident":[50],"hypoxic":[53],"injury":[54],"leading":[55],"to":[56,90,112],"cerebral":[57],"palsy":[58],"or":[59],"even":[60],"death,":[61],"which":[62],"a":[64,76,138],"condition":[65],"that":[66],"must":[67],"be":[68],"predicted":[69],"avoided.":[71],"This":[72,155],"research":[73],"work":[74],"proposes":[75],"new":[77],"integrated":[78],"method":[79,102],"feature":[81],"extraction":[82],"classification":[84,161],"FHR":[87,92,119,146],"able":[89],"associate":[91],"with":[93,150],"umbilical":[94,151],"artery":[95,152],"pH":[96,153],"values":[97],"at":[98],"delivery.":[99],"proposed":[101,133,156],"introduces":[103],"use":[105,123],"Discrete":[108],"Wavelet":[109],"Transform":[110],"(DWT)":[111],"extract":[113],"time-scale":[114],"dependent":[115],"features":[116],"Support":[125],"Vector":[126],"Machines":[127],"(SVMs)":[128],"categorization.":[131],"methodology":[134],"tested":[136],"on":[137],"data":[139],"set":[140],"intrapartum":[142],"recordings":[143],"were":[144],"categories":[147],"are":[148],"associated":[149],"values,":[154],"approach":[157],"achieved":[158],"high":[159],"overall":[160],"performance":[162],"proving":[163],"its":[164],"merits.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}