{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2612660464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218196718500145","title":"Applications of L systems to group theory","display_name":"Applications of L systems to group theory","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2612660464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218196718500145","mag":"2612660464"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218196718500145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218196718500145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23260266","display_name":"International Journal of Algebra and Computation","issn_l":"0218-1967","issn":["0218-1967","1793-6500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Algebra and Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02809","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053079086","display_name":"Laura Ciobanu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9451-1471"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laura Ciobanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030338122","display_name":"Murray Elder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2438-3945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murray Elder","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048052423","display_name":"Michal Ferov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9108-1325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Ferov","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053079086"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.043987,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"02","first_page":"309","last_page":"329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10304","display_name":"Geometric and Algebraic Topology","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10304","display_name":"Geometric and Algebraic Topology","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.7170830965042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6311357021331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rewriting","display_name":"Rewriting","score":0.6251596808433533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement","display_name":"Complement (music)","score":0.6086690425872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5993926525115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.5851296186447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5577589869499207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5206022262573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-language","display_name":"Context-free language","score":0.49762824177742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-problem","display_name":"Word problem (mathematics education)","score":0.41553401947021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3491958677768707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.3139667510986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30850040912628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.19340017437934875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.16799315810203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1646023392677307}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.7170830965042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6311357021331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154690210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668499","display_name":"Rewriting","level":2,"score":0.6251596808433533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112313634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886648","display_name":"Complement (music)","level":5,"score":0.6086690425872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5993926525115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5851296186447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5577589869499207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5206022262573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198838072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729271","display_name":"Context-free language","level":3,"score":0.49762824177742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90988201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255912","display_name":"Word problem (mathematics education)","level":2,"score":0.41553401947021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3491958677768707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.3139667510986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30850040912628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.19340017437934875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.16799315810203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1646023392677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188082640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780899","display_name":"Complementation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218196718500145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218196718500145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23260266","display_name":"International Journal of Algebra and Computation","issn_l":"0218-1967","issn":["0218-1967","1793-6500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Algebra and Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1705.02809","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1705.02809","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2612660464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/123685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/123685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:uon:48744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1471960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196471","display_name":"NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78757542","host_organization_name":"University of Newcastle Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1705.02809","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1705.02809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1705.02809","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1705.02809","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3671673537","display_name":"N/A","funder_award_id":"6010048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4734358279","display_name":"Biologische Wasserstoffproduktion mit Sonnenenergie","funder_award_id":"10048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5489107139","display_name":"Entire and Meromorphic Functions in Several Complex Variables","funder_award_id":"0100486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G580951548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PP00P2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5844491922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"144681","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8390326167","display_name":"Artists Books: The institutional reception of a new artistic medium","funder_award_id":"100486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8411960325","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FN PP00P2-144681/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8589889326","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FN PP00P2-144681","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8599490676","display_name":"Regulation of sleep in the Mexican cavefish","funder_award_id":"1601004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337380","display_name":"Division of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/051fftw81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2612660464.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2612660464.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516116134","https://openalex.org/W1531599940","https://openalex.org/W1584587517","https://openalex.org/W1890888469","https://openalex.org/W1975987235","https://openalex.org/W1981878663","https://openalex.org/W1982097696","https://openalex.org/W2012538830","https://openalex.org/W2031670185","https://openalex.org/W2050169407","https://openalex.org/W2054321113","https://openalex.org/W2059867050","https://openalex.org/W2062397400","https://openalex.org/W2065476598","https://openalex.org/W2068500858","https://openalex.org/W2086534829","https://openalex.org/W2103276942","https://openalex.org/W2153126460","https://openalex.org/W2153632678","https://openalex.org/W2160313761","https://openalex.org/W2494564294","https://openalex.org/W2962936267","https://openalex.org/W4245103828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963261129","https://openalex.org/W2061759138","https://openalex.org/W2094438393","https://openalex.org/W2064926618","https://openalex.org/W1489663736","https://openalex.org/W1540094790","https://openalex.org/W2052376821","https://openalex.org/W1582691656","https://openalex.org/W2978596514","https://openalex.org/W1534920398","https://openalex.org/W2057272273","https://openalex.org/W3103968237","https://openalex.org/W2687470277","https://openalex.org/W2059867050","https://openalex.org/W1989689428","https://openalex.org/W2037441184","https://openalex.org/W2024965471","https://openalex.org/W2527288549","https://openalex.org/W3033525639","https://openalex.org/W2538148032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"L":[0,98],"systems":[1],"generalize":[2],"context-free":[3],"grammars":[4],"by":[5,97],"incorporating":[6],"parallel":[7],"rewriting,":[8],"and":[9,15,42,55,66,87,118],"generate":[10],"languages":[11,36,138],"such":[12],"as":[13],"EDT0L":[14,137],"ET0L":[16,54],"that":[17,32,43,113],"are":[18,51],"strictly":[19],"contained":[20],"in":[21,39,52,56,68,106,121],"the":[22,35,62,69,75,80,88,102,114,134],"class":[23],"of":[24,34,64,83,91,116,124,136,139],"indexed":[25,48],"languages.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30,111],"show":[31,112,133],"many":[33,57],"naturally":[37],"appearing":[38],"group":[40,71,93],"theory,":[41],"were":[44],"known":[45],"to":[46],"be":[47,95],"or":[49,85],"context-sensitive,":[50],"fact":[53],"cases":[58],"EDT0L.":[59],"For":[60],"instance,":[61],"language":[63,115],"primitives":[65,105],"bases":[67],"free":[70,109,122],"on":[72,104],"two":[73,128],"generators,":[74],"Bridson\u2013Gilman":[76],"normal":[77],"forms":[78],"for":[79],"fundamental":[81],"groups":[82,123],"3-manifolds":[84],"orbifolds,":[86],"co-word":[89],"problem":[90],"Grigorchuk\u2019s":[92],"can":[94],"generated":[96],"systems.":[99],"To":[100],"complement":[101],"result":[103],"rank":[107,125],"2":[108],"groups,":[110],"primitives,":[117],"primitive":[119],"sets,":[120],"higher":[126],"than":[127],"is":[129],"context-sensitive.":[130],"We":[131],"also":[132],"existence":[135],"intermediate":[140],"growth.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}