{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399465115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194024500293","title":"Pattern Mining-Based Warning Prioritization by Refining Abstract Syntax Tree","display_name":"Pattern Mining-Based Warning Prioritization by Refining Abstract Syntax Tree","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399465115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194024500293"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218194024500293","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194024500293","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131442419","display_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0218-1940","issn":["0218-1940","1793-6403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006823284","display_name":"Xiuting Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3683-7374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092257","display_name":"China Guangzhou Analysis and Testing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00d6bjs95","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092257"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuting Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer, Software Evaluating and Testing P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3683-7374","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer, Software Evaluating and Testing P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079338842","display_name":"Xuanye Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4580-2046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092257","display_name":"China Guangzhou Analysis and Testing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00d6bjs95","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092257"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanye Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer, Software Evaluating and Testing P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4580-2046","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer, Software Evaluating and Testing P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100547156","display_name":"Sun Yuanyuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2535-2689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2535-2689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078752317","display_name":"Mingshuang Qing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingshuang Qing","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5317-3930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107049037","display_name":"Haitao Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haitao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4886-0302","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107051018","display_name":"Huibin Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huibin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9179-0063","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102582682","display_name":"Xianyu Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianyu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5089-6017","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GuangDong Tops Soft-park co, LTD, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06305826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prioritization","display_name":"Prioritization","score":0.7775706052780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7538641691207886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refining","display_name":"Refining (metallurgy)","score":0.679722249507904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.554651141166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstract-syntax-tree","display_name":"Abstract syntax tree","score":0.5314822196960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.49585971236228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4577767252922058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.45324862003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.366375207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1395518183708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.09698036313056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07387807965278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.0713544487953186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777615720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11888847","display_name":"Prioritization","level":2,"score":0.7775706052780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7538641691207886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60044698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283324","display_name":"Refining (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.679722249507904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.554651141166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58646249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127380","display_name":"Abstract syntax tree","level":3,"score":0.5314822196960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.49585971236228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4577767252922058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.45324862003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.366375207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1395518183708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.09698036313056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07387807965278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0713544487953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218194024500293","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194024500293","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131442419","display_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0218-1940","issn":["0218-1940","1793-6403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966388643","https://openalex.org/W1984041362","https://openalex.org/W1988918904","https://openalex.org/W2027506564","https://openalex.org/W2040739365","https://openalex.org/W2060404290","https://openalex.org/W2068119731","https://openalex.org/W2080529963","https://openalex.org/W2098337300","https://openalex.org/W2100553995","https://openalex.org/W2125247566","https://openalex.org/W2125343911","https://openalex.org/W2129065328","https://openalex.org/W2130243914","https://openalex.org/W2152094063","https://openalex.org/W2156723666","https://openalex.org/W2159613309","https://openalex.org/W2168411647","https://openalex.org/W2561266335","https://openalex.org/W2572051352","https://openalex.org/W2624094989","https://openalex.org/W2745098348","https://openalex.org/W2795566764","https://openalex.org/W2888223970","https://openalex.org/W2895570420","https://openalex.org/W2904214673","https://openalex.org/W2923057152","https://openalex.org/W2942625968","https://openalex.org/W2951085418","https://openalex.org/W2951098173","https://openalex.org/W2954469728","https://openalex.org/W2964210007","https://openalex.org/W2999074369","https://openalex.org/W3007214785","https://openalex.org/W3029993213","https://openalex.org/W3082780329","https://openalex.org/W3100698844","https://openalex.org/W3146114146","https://openalex.org/W3153472912","https://openalex.org/W4206341600","https://openalex.org/W4220908681","https://openalex.org/W4220988989","https://openalex.org/W4225529766","https://openalex.org/W4237506321","https://openalex.org/W4240545424","https://openalex.org/W4244945045","https://openalex.org/W4321061991"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077104824","https://openalex.org/W2536864162","https://openalex.org/W2390421503","https://openalex.org/W2364428493","https://openalex.org/W44541701","https://openalex.org/W2387926336","https://openalex.org/W2385522099","https://openalex.org/W2354135050","https://openalex.org/W2773378563","https://openalex.org/W2095381028"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Static":[0],"code":[1],"analysis":[2],"tools":[3],"(SATs)":[4],"are":[5,35,70],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"to":[8,37,50,85,100,104,144,151,179],"detect":[9],"potential":[10],"defects":[11,246],"in":[12,63,93,247],"software":[13],"projects.":[14,110,211],"However,":[15,78],"the":[16,39,52,79,89,113,126,153,167,181,187,192,223,248],"usability":[17,40],"of":[18,27,41,57,65,161,186,244],"SATs":[19],"is":[20,83],"seriously":[21],"hindered":[22],"by":[23,72],"a":[24,94,118,231],"large":[25],"number":[26],"unactionable":[28,66],"warnings.":[29,67,164,251],"Currently,":[30],"many":[31],"warning":[32,48,121,136,195],"prioritization":[33,122],"approaches":[34,44],"proposed":[36],"improve":[38],"SATs.":[42],"These":[43],"mainly":[45],"extract":[46,152],"different":[47,105,109],"features":[49,69],"capture":[51],"statistical":[53],"or":[54],"historical":[55],"information":[56],"warnings,":[58,147,170],"thereby":[59],"ranking":[60],"actionable":[61,135,146,163,194],"warnings":[62,190],"front":[64],"Such":[68],"extracted":[71],"extremely":[73],"relying":[74],"on":[75,125,205,234],"domain":[76,81,90],"knowledge.":[77],"precise":[80],"knowledge":[82,91],"difficult":[84],"be":[86,97],"acquired.":[87],"Also,":[88],"obtained":[92],"project":[95],"cannot":[96],"directly":[98],"applied":[99],"other":[101],"projects":[102],"due":[103],"application":[106],"scenarios":[107],"among":[108],"To":[111,132,165],"address":[112],"above":[114],"problem,":[115],"we":[116],"propose":[117],"pattern":[119],"mining-based":[120],"approach":[123,139,172,200,217,240],"based":[124],"warning-related":[127,154],"Abstract":[128],"Syntax":[129],"Tree":[130],"(AST).":[131],"automatically":[133],"mine":[134],"patterns,":[137],"our":[138,171,199,216,239],"leverages":[140],"an":[141,149],"advanced":[142],"technique":[143],"collect":[145],"designs":[148],"algorithm":[150],"AST,":[155],"and":[156,175,191,208,221,227],"mines":[157],"patterns":[158,185],"from":[159],"ASTs":[160],"all":[162],"prioritize":[166],"newly":[168,188],"reported":[169,189],"combines":[173],"exact":[174],"fuzzing":[176],"matching":[177],"techniques":[178],"calculate":[180],"similarity":[182],"score":[183],"between":[184],"mined":[193],"patterns.":[196],"We":[197],"compare":[198],"with":[201],"four":[202,219],"typical":[203],"baselines":[204,220],"five":[206],"open-source":[207],"large-scale":[209],"Java":[210],"The":[212],"results":[213],"show":[214],"that":[215,238],"outperforms":[218],"achieves":[222],"maximum":[224],"MAP":[225],"(0.76)":[226],"MRR":[228],"(2.19).":[229],"Besides,":[230],"case":[232],"study":[233],"Defect4J":[235],"dataset":[236],"demonstrates":[237],"can":[241],"discover":[242],"83%":[243],"true":[245],"top":[249],"10":[250]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
