{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143901783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194012500258","title":"DETECTING EMULATED ENVIRONMENTS","display_name":"DETECTING EMULATED ENVIRONMENTS","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143901783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194012500258","mag":"2143901783"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218194012500258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194012500258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131442419","display_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0218-1940","issn":["0218-1940","1793-6403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038604024","display_name":"Tauhida Parveen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116219","display_name":"Engineering Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qg60849","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"TAUHIDA PARVEEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Systems, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Systems, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904","https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112805836","display_name":"Scott Tilley","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SCOTT TILLEY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065824077","display_name":"William H. Allen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-5144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"WILLIAM ALLEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034038943","display_name":"G.A. Marin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GERALD MARIN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039496722","display_name":"Richard Ford","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RICHARD FORD","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038604024"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904","https://openalex.org/I4210116219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2448,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57964772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"07","first_page":"927","last_page":"944"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7511201500892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.6951296925544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.6813780069351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.6264536380767822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-engineering","display_name":"Reverse engineering","score":0.6219844818115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.504503607749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4667280912399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4454631209373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-call","display_name":"System call","score":0.4313628673553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3687947988510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.33516955375671387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32483774423599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.31472378969192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13481006026268005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12741339206695557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7511201500892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.6951296925544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.6813780069351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.6264536380767822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.6219844818115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.504503607749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4667280912399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4454631209373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778579508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722192","display_name":"System call","level":2,"score":0.4313628673553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3687947988510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.33516955375671387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32483774423599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.31472378969192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13481006026268005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12741339206695557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218194012500258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194012500258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131442419","display_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0218-1940","issn":["0218-1940","1793-6403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W345398754","https://openalex.org/W1485364724","https://openalex.org/W2006267758","https://openalex.org/W2112294697","https://openalex.org/W2146567535","https://openalex.org/W2500136801"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2921504876","https://openalex.org/W1982580243","https://openalex.org/W2183730421","https://openalex.org/W2551868243","https://openalex.org/W2348153269","https://openalex.org/W4205613068","https://openalex.org/W3112956360","https://openalex.org/W2004781009","https://openalex.org/W4286284259","https://openalex.org/W2580663612"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0,48],"of":[1,49,69,86,114,131],"the":[2,7,13,30,50,67,80,84,111],"most":[3],"powerful":[4],"tools":[5,55],"in":[6,25,28],"hacker's":[8],"reverse":[9],"engineering":[10,54],"arsenal":[11],"is":[12,56,77,99,125],"virtual":[14,106,142],"machine.":[15],"These":[16],"systems":[17],"provide":[18],"a":[19,70,96,129],"simple":[20],"mechanism":[21,97],"for":[22,52,121],"executing":[23],"code":[24],"an":[26,63,74],"environment":[27,76],"which":[29,127],"program":[31],"can":[32,82],"be":[33],"carefully":[34,104],"monitored":[35],"and":[36,44],"controlled,":[37],"allowing":[38],"attackers":[39],"to":[40,58,101,136],"subvert":[41],"copy":[42],"protection":[43],"access":[45],"trade":[46],"secrets.":[47],"challenges":[51],"anti-reverse":[53],"how":[57],"protect":[59],"software":[60],"within":[61],"such":[62],"untrustworthy":[64],"environment.":[65],"From":[66],"perspective":[68],"running":[71],"program,":[72],"detecting":[73,122],"emulated":[75,123],"not":[78],"trivial:":[79],"attacker":[81],"emulate":[83],"result":[85],"different":[87],"operations":[88],"with":[89],"arbitrarily":[90],"high":[91],"fidelity.":[92],"This":[93],"paper":[94],"demonstrates":[95],"that":[98],"able":[100],"detect":[102],"even":[103],"constructed":[105],"environments":[107,124,143],"by":[108],"focusing":[109],"on":[110],"stochastic":[112],"variation":[113],"system":[115,133],"call":[116,134],"timings.":[117],"A":[118],"statistical":[119],"technique":[120],"presented,":[126],"uses":[128],"model":[130],"normal":[132],"behavior":[135],"successfully":[137],"identify":[138],"two":[139],"commonly":[140],"used":[141],"under":[144],"realistic":[145],"conditions.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}