{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2119443761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218127400000840","title":"NEURAL EXCITABILITY, SPIKING AND BURSTING","display_name":"NEURAL EXCITABILITY, SPIKING AND BURSTING","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2119443761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218127400000840","mag":"2119443761"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218127400000840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218127400000840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81011612","display_name":"International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos","issn_l":"0218-1274","issn":["0218-1274","1793-6551"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091804814","display_name":"Eugene M. Izhikevich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92507152","display_name":"John Jay College of Criminal Justice","ror":"https://ror.org/01p9rc392","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92507152"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186667990","display_name":"Neurosciences Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0460vf117","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186667990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"EUGENE M. IZHIKEVICH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Systems Science &amp; Engineering,  Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-7606, USA","The Neurosciences Institute, 10640 John Jay  Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA","The Neurosciences Institute, 10640 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Systems Science &amp; Engineering,  Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-7606, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Neurosciences Institute, 10640 John Jay  Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186667990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Neurosciences Institute, 10640 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186667990","https://openalex.org/I92507152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091804814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186667990","https://openalex.org/I55732556","https://openalex.org/I92507152"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.1973,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2020,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99680216,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"06","first_page":"1171","last_page":"1266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11513","display_name":"stochastic dynamics and bifurcation","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11187","display_name":"Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bursting","display_name":"Bursting","score":0.8391662836074829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bifurcation","display_name":"Bifurcation","score":0.7418926358222961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saddle-node-bifurcation","display_name":"Saddle-node bifurcation","score":0.4792996942996979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrator","display_name":"Integrator","score":0.4707917273044586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4669657051563263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-manifold","display_name":"Center manifold","score":0.4484618902206421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4326323866844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hopf-bifurcation","display_name":"Hopf bifurcation","score":0.3906690180301666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.36393558979034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3610908091068268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.23024162650108337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.1922989785671234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11754342913627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09575155377388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09309226274490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.08694261312484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.07116255164146423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195221683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5000649","display_name":"Bursting","level":2,"score":0.8391662836074829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781349735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4904824","display_name":"Bifurcation","level":3,"score":0.7418926358222961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101225446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740190","display_name":"Saddle-node bifurcation","level":4,"score":0.4792996942996979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79518650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081431","display_name":"Integrator","level":3,"score":0.4707917273044586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4669657051563263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74774103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4504202","display_name":"Center manifold","level":5,"score":0.4484618902206421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4326323866844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172435161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531126","display_name":"Hopf bifurcation","level":4,"score":0.3906690180301666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36393558979034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3610908091068268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.23024162650108337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.1922989785671234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11754342913627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09575155377388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09309226274490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.08694261312484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.07116255164146423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218127400000840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218127400000840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81011612","display_name":"International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos","issn_l":"0218-1274","issn":["0218-1274","1793-6551"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.421.2424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.421.2424","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.izhikevich.org/publications/nesb.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54326250","https://openalex.org/W84463169","https://openalex.org/W156844318","https://openalex.org/W160832363","https://openalex.org/W575067585","https://openalex.org/W618840137","https://openalex.org/W652763808","https://openalex.org/W1491439616","https://openalex.org/W1531715726","https://openalex.org/W1542177822","https://openalex.org/W1551791849","https://openalex.org/W1552040624","https://openalex.org/W1553784283","https://openalex.org/W1560335986","https://openalex.org/W1590117132","https://openalex.org/W1598480035","https://openalex.org/W1606432814","https://openalex.org/W1735445987","https://openalex.org/W1753443034","https://openalex.org/W1945424073","https://openalex.org/W1951749181","https://openalex.org/W1964294610","https://openalex.org/W1968190185","https://openalex.org/W1968435495","https://openalex.org/W1968955814","https://openalex.org/W1971657654","https://openalex.org/W1981030457","https://openalex.org/W1985940938","https://openalex.org/W1988551154","https://openalex.org/W1991508075","https://openalex.org/W1998620428","https://openalex.org/W1999170261","https://openalex.org/W2000505932","https://openalex.org/W2000640774","https://openalex.org/W2003743055","https://openalex.org/W2005093196","https://openalex.org/W2006016230","https://openalex.org/W2006858453","https://openalex.org/W2007242618","https://openalex.org/W2007433796","https://openalex.org/W2011459128","https://openalex.org/W2013946641","https://openalex.org/W2016354087","https://openalex.org/W2023070543","https://openalex.org/W2027503001","https://openalex.org/W2031063322","https://openalex.org/W2034828170","https://openalex.org/W2035051040","https://openalex.org/W2036451364","https://openalex.org/W2039725533","https://openalex.org/W2041898318","https://openalex.org/W2042102840","https://openalex.org/W2042941790","https://openalex.org/W2043299835","https://openalex.org/W2046424015","https://openalex.org/W2046663499","https://openalex.org/W2048710389","https://openalex.org/W2050162047","https://openalex.org/W2058298141","https://openalex.org/W2059625173","https://openalex.org/W2060317741","https://openalex.org/W2060756826","https://openalex.org/W2061958555","https://openalex.org/W2064108635","https://openalex.org/W2065680993","https://openalex.org/W2067063632","https://openalex.org/W2071147887","https://openalex.org/W2072413244","https://openalex.org/W2072494173","https://openalex.org/W2073808260","https://openalex.org/W2078540694","https://openalex.org/W2079173805","https://openalex.org/W2079699108","https://openalex.org/W2080018957","https://openalex.org/W2080959534","https://openalex.org/W2082989288","https://openalex.org/W2089451763","https://openalex.org/W2089468210","https://openalex.org/W2091609447","https://openalex.org/W2093685279","https://openalex.org/W2094086293","https://openalex.org/W2098037905","https://openalex.org/W2105714117","https://openalex.org/W2108755545","https://openalex.org/W2110586973","https://openalex.org/W2116829706","https://openalex.org/W2132593434","https://openalex.org/W2145296723","https://openalex.org/W2149525340","https://openalex.org/W2155401127","https://openalex.org/W2160645575","https://openalex.org/W2162105208","https://openalex.org/W2162445001","https://openalex.org/W2171849804","https://openalex.org/W2172294131","https://openalex.org/W2394832202","https://openalex.org/W2411128509","https://openalex.org/W2419220035","https://openalex.org/W2484910965","https://openalex.org/W2565118972","https://openalex.org/W4246342582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987790493","https://openalex.org/W2153388945","https://openalex.org/W2038701038","https://openalex.org/W1975783007","https://openalex.org/W1996991127","https://openalex.org/W2382752082","https://openalex.org/W1988489950","https://openalex.org/W2352502327","https://openalex.org/W2884051366","https://openalex.org/W2737309493"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bifurcation":[0],"mechanisms":[1],"involved":[2],"in":[3,89,110],"the":[4,18,23,27,32,40,64,66,71,78,86,132,135,148,161,173],"generation":[5],"of":[6,20,26,68,131,150,164,175],"action":[7],"potentials":[8],"(spikes)":[9],"by":[10],"neurons":[11],"are":[12,96],"reviewed":[13],"here.":[14],"We":[15,145,170],"show":[16,183],"how":[17,172],"type":[19,174],"bifurcation":[21,157],"determines":[22],"neuro-computational":[24,179],"properties":[25],"cells.":[28],"For":[29],"example,":[30],"when":[31,77],"rest":[33,79],"state":[34,80],"is":[35,81],"near":[36,82],"a":[37,53,90,103,120,127],"saddle-node":[38],"bifurcation,":[39,85],"cell":[41,87],"can":[42,108,187],"fire":[43,109],"all-or-none":[44],"spikes":[45,95],"with":[46],"an":[47,61,83,113],"arbitrary":[48],"low":[49],"frequency,":[50],"it":[51,58,73,99,107,117,123],"has":[52],"well-defined":[54,104],"threshold":[55,105],"manifold,":[56,106],"and":[57,116,153,181,190],"acts":[59,118],"as":[60,119],"integrator;":[62],"i.e.":[63,122],"higher":[65],"frequency":[67,92,130,137],"incoming":[69],"pulses,":[70],"sooner":[72],"fires.":[74],"In":[75],"contrast,":[76],"Andronov\u2013Hopf":[84],"fires":[88],"certain":[91,128],"range,":[93],"its":[94,143,178],"not":[97,101],"all-or-none,":[98],"does":[100],"have":[102],"response":[111],"to":[112,126,159],"inhibitory":[114],"pulse,":[115],"resonator;":[121],"responds":[124],"preferentially":[125],"(resonant)":[129],"input.":[133],"Increasing":[134],"input":[136],"may":[138],"actually":[139],"delay":[140],"or":[141],"terminate":[142],"firing.":[144],"also":[146],"describe":[147],"phenomenon":[149],"neural":[151],"bursting,":[152],"we":[154,182],"use":[155],"geometric":[156],"theory":[158],"extend":[160],"existing":[162],"classification":[163],"bursters,":[165],"including":[166],"many":[167],"new":[168],"types.":[169],"discuss":[171],"burster":[176],"defines":[177],"properties,":[180],"that":[184],"different":[185],"bursters":[186],"interact,":[188],"synchronize":[189],"process":[191],"information":[192],"differently.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":99},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":97},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":107},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":149},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":115},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":117},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":75},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":107},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":96},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":77},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":61}],"updated_date":"2026-05-01T08:36:08.643496","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
