{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2100030985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126697000115","title":"Pulsed Charge Model of Fault Behavior Producing Seismic Electric Signals (SES)","display_name":"Pulsed Charge Model of Fault Behavior Producing Seismic Electric Signals (SES)","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2100030985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126697000115","mag":"2100030985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218126697000115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126697000115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167602672","display_name":"Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers","issn_l":"0218-1266","issn":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113620766","display_name":"Motoji Ikeya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motoji Ikeya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110044488","display_name":"Shunji Takaki","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunji Takaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101622863","display_name":"Hiroshi Matsumoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9560-0030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Matsumoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054259954","display_name":"Atsushi Tani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-2137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atsushi Tani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021667527","display_name":"Takahide Komatsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahide Komatsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.981,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84172318,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"07","issue":"03","first_page":"153","last_page":"164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.6418782472610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-field","display_name":"Electric field","score":0.5666043162345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole","display_name":"Dipole","score":0.5562074780464172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightning","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","score":0.5522925853729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5168735980987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.5031694769859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-wave","display_name":"Seismic wave","score":0.4789624512195587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-dipole-moment","display_name":"Electric dipole moment","score":0.4753800928592682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moment","display_name":"Moment (physics)","score":0.4631144106388092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-plane","display_name":"Fault plane","score":0.4625930190086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moment-magnitude-scale","display_name":"Moment magnitude scale","score":0.4293566942214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.39352476596832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.3679385185241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.3627132177352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.33301669359207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.1910635232925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.11431530117988586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.10364535450935364}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6418782472610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.5666043162345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173523689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215589","display_name":"Dipole","level":2,"score":0.5562074780464172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69398868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129052","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","level":3,"score":0.5522925853729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5168735980987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.5031694769859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78542244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186167","display_name":"Seismic wave","level":2,"score":0.4789624512195587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202449340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735135","display_name":"Electric dipole moment","level":3,"score":0.4753800928592682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179254644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222844","display_name":"Moment (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4631144106388092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994078444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault plane","level":3,"score":0.4625930190086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90987359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201605","display_name":"Moment magnitude scale","level":3,"score":0.4293566942214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.39352476596832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.3679385185241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.3627132177352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.33301669359207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1910635232925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.11431530117988586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.10364535450935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218126697000115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126697000115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167602672","display_name":"Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers","issn_l":"0218-1266","issn":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2131345148","https://openalex.org/W2475160994","https://openalex.org/W3023186161","https://openalex.org/W2329949735","https://openalex.org/W2780733617","https://openalex.org/W142441741","https://openalex.org/W2171706619","https://openalex.org/W2534703790","https://openalex.org/W1983769340","https://openalex.org/W2061546547"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,210],"electromagnetic":[1],"(EM)":[2],"behavior":[3,224],"of":[4,15,76,81,105,137,182,199,232],"a":[5,16,37,102,131,173],"geological":[6],"fault":[7,17,38,80],"is":[8],"postulated":[9],"to":[10,186,203,229],"follow":[11],"the":[12,41,65,88,119,148,163,168,178,193,197,230],"mathematical":[13],"model":[14],"in":[18,31,43,70,130,162,177],"seismology":[19],"that":[20],"illustrates":[21],"seismic":[22,44,219],"EM":[23,138,156,200],"anomalies":[24],"EMAs).":[25],"Charge":[26],"densities,":[27,97],"+q":[28],"and":[29,62,74,87,99,171,180,206,216],"-q":[30],"C/m":[32],"2":[33],"are":[34,64,165],"generated":[35],"at":[36,140],"zone":[39],"by":[40,167,195],"change":[42],"stress,":[45],"\u03b1":[46],"as":[47,155,226],"d":[48,50,54,56],"q/":[49],"t":[51,57],"=":[52,107,109],"-\u03b1":[53],"\u03c3/":[55],"-":[58,113,115],"q/\u220a\u03c1,":[59],"where":[60],"\u03c3,\u220a":[61],"\u03c1":[63],"charge":[66,96],"generation":[67],"constants":[68],"measured":[69],"C/N,":[71],"dielectric":[72],"constant":[73],"reisitivity":[75],"bedrocks,":[77],"respectively.":[78],"A":[79,86],"length,":[82],"2a,":[83],"plane":[84],"area,":[85],"displacement":[89],"or":[90,101],"rupture":[91],"time,":[92],"\u03c4":[93],"gives":[94],"pulsed":[95,212],"+q(t)":[98],"-q(t),":[100],"dipole":[103,129],"moment":[104,121],"P(t)":[106],"2aAq(t)":[108],"\u03b1M":[110],"0":[111,123],"[\u220a\u03c1/(\u03c4":[112],"\u220a\u03c1)":[114],"exp":[116],"(-t/\u220a\u03c1)]":[117],"using":[118],"earthquake":[120,187,205],"M":[122],".":[124],"Maxwell's":[125],"equations":[126],"for":[127],"this":[128],"conductive":[132],"earth":[133],"give":[134],"power":[135],"spectra":[136],"waves":[139,201],"diferrent":[141],"distances.":[142],"Seismic":[143],"electric":[144,169,233],"signals":[145],"(SES)":[146],"including":[147],"DC":[149],"VAN":[150],"method":[151],"can":[152],"be":[153],"explained":[154],"waves.":[157],"Electrons":[158],"with":[159],"density":[160],"n":[161],"atmosphere":[164],"accelerated":[166],"field":[170,213],"travel":[172],"distance":[174],"l.":[175],"resulting":[176],"exictation":[179],"ionization":[181],"atmospheric":[183],"molecules":[184],"leading":[185],"lightning":[188],"(EQL).":[189],"They":[190],"also":[191],"polarize":[192],"ionosphere":[194],"disturbing":[196],"transmission":[198],"prior":[202],"an":[204],"artificial":[207],"electronic":[208],"noises.":[209],"same":[211],"surprised":[214],"eels":[215],"hamsters,":[217],"suggesting":[218],"anomalous":[220],"animal":[221,223],"ehavious":[222],"(SAAB)":[225],"electro-physiological":[227],"responses":[228],"stimuli":[231],"pulses.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-19T15:00:24.278416","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
