{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403453686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021812662550121x","title":"An Ultra-Low Power, Low Voltage, Low Line Sensitivity, High PSRR, Voltage Reference for IoT Applications","display_name":"An Ultra-Low Power, Low Voltage, Low Line Sensitivity, High PSRR, Voltage Reference for IoT Applications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403453686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021812662550121x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s021812662550121x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021812662550121x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167602672","display_name":"Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers","issn_l":"0218-1266","issn":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083610934","display_name":"Komal Duggal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-8240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143260","display_name":"Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women","ror":"https://ror.org/057c5p638","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Komal Duggal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, New Delhi 110006, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-8240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, New Delhi 110006, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061757586","display_name":"Rishikesh Pandey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1369-7073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162030827","display_name":"Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wdq3744","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rishikesh Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1369-7073","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067248884","display_name":"Vandana Niranjan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-176X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143260","display_name":"Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women","ror":"https://ror.org/057c5p638","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vandana Niranjan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, New Delhi 110006, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-176X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, New Delhi 110006, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083610934"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143260"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0134,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87770857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"05","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.6675999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.6675999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.6563000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.5788999795913696,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-voltage","display_name":"Low voltage","score":0.6939055919647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.6643062233924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6187072992324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-low-power","display_name":"Ultra low power","score":0.6056461930274963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-supply-rejection-ratio","display_name":"Power supply rejection ratio","score":0.5835962295532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.5478477478027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5396173000335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.508700430393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-reference","display_name":"Voltage reference","score":0.454424649477005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4496781826019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4111522138118744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3914591073989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.36664775013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switched-mode-power-supply","display_name":"Switched-mode power supply","score":0.22787684202194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.19963482022285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1844947338104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.177859365940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09274977445602417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128624480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504817","display_name":"Low voltage","level":3,"score":0.6939055919647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.6643062233924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6187072992324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017773396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Ultra low power","level":4,"score":0.6056461930274963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15892472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1482413","display_name":"Power supply rejection ratio","level":4,"score":0.5835962295532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5478477478027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5396173000335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.508700430393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44351266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1465532","display_name":"Voltage reference","level":3,"score":0.454424649477005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4496781826019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4111522138118744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3914591073989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36664775013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151799858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587008","display_name":"Switched-mode power supply","level":3,"score":0.22787684202194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.19963482022285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1844947338104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.177859365940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09274977445602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s021812662550121x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021812662550121x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167602672","display_name":"Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers","issn_l":"0218-1266","issn":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3758558","https://openalex.org/W1597620877","https://openalex.org/W2008740692","https://openalex.org/W2092954710","https://openalex.org/W2140823559","https://openalex.org/W2146324717","https://openalex.org/W2803165340","https://openalex.org/W2883484217","https://openalex.org/W2907986598","https://openalex.org/W2948901988","https://openalex.org/W3025642094","https://openalex.org/W3026472294","https://openalex.org/W3038879384","https://openalex.org/W3094010898","https://openalex.org/W3157076093","https://openalex.org/W3172055360","https://openalex.org/W3190121635","https://openalex.org/W3197166318","https://openalex.org/W3216384879","https://openalex.org/W4220933843","https://openalex.org/W4280497418","https://openalex.org/W4285243935","https://openalex.org/W4312425321","https://openalex.org/W4323536525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970618459","https://openalex.org/W2347289947","https://openalex.org/W2348927557","https://openalex.org/W2388657413","https://openalex.org/W4396982360","https://openalex.org/W2372624045","https://openalex.org/W2524786631","https://openalex.org/W4383335051","https://openalex.org/W2487240096","https://openalex.org/W3006447537"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"an":[3,143],"all":[4,98],"MOSFET":[5],"transistor-based":[6],"voltage":[7,23,51,58,71,95,115,120,128,140,199],"reference":[8,22,72,96,116,119,141,200],"with":[9,42,61,105,125],"ultra-low":[10],"power":[11,157,192],"consumption":[12],"and":[13,75,81,158,211,228],"high":[14,43],"PSRR":[15],"for":[16,52],"Internet":[17],"of":[18,31,39,121,130,146,156,163,169,185,196],"Things":[19],"applications.":[20],"The":[21,113,191,221],"is":[24,65,201,232],"computed":[25],"using":[26],"the":[27,32,37,53,69,93,102,138,179,197],"gate":[28],"source":[29,64],"voltages":[30],"five":[33],"NMOS":[34],"transistors,":[35],"excluding":[36],"use":[38],"any":[40],"transistors":[41],"threshold":[44],"voltages.":[45],"To":[46],"provide":[47],"a":[48,56,62,106,118,126,160,166,182],"steady":[49],"clamping":[50],"current":[54,63],"source,":[55],"supply":[57,111,127,193],"stability":[59],"circuit":[60,180],"added":[66],"which":[67],"enhances":[68],"proposed":[70,94,114,139,198],"line":[73,161],"sensitivity":[74,162],"PSRR.":[76],"It":[77],"has":[78,142,159],"been":[79],"designed":[80],"simulated":[82],"in":[83,101],"0.18[Formula:":[84],"see":[85,87,108,123,132,148,154,171,177,187,203,205,209,213,215,219,226,230,234,237,239,241],"text][Formula:":[86,238],"text]m":[88],"CMOS":[89],"technology":[90],"to":[91,175],"simulate":[92],"where":[97],"MOSFETs":[99],"function":[100],"subthreshold":[103],"region":[104],"0.5[Formula:":[107],"text]V":[109],"minimum":[110],"voltage.":[112],"produces":[117],"129.7[Formula:":[122],"text]mV":[124],"range":[129,168],"0.5\u20133[Formula:":[131],"text]V.":[133],"Based":[134],"on":[135],"simulation":[136],"results,":[137],"active":[144],"area":[145],"0.001[Formula:":[147],"text]mm":[149],"2":[150],",":[151],"requires":[152],"11.2[Formula:":[153],"text]pW":[155],"0.021%/V.":[164],"For":[165],"temperature":[167,183],"[Formula:":[170,176,202,212],"text]40":[172],"\u2218":[173,189],"C":[174],"text]C,":[178],"achieves":[181],"coefficient":[184],"38.2[Formula:":[186],"text]ppm/":[188],"C.":[190],"rejection":[194],"ratio":[195],"text]101.5[Formula:":[204],"text]dB":[206,216],"at":[207,217,224],"10[Formula:":[208],"text]Hz":[210,227],"text]90[Formula:":[214],"100[Formula:":[218,225],"text]Hz.":[220],"output":[222],"noise":[223],"1[Formula:":[229],"text]kHz":[231],"4.68[Formula:":[233],"text]and":[235],"4.22[Formula:":[236],"text]V/[Formula:":[240],"text]Hz,":[242],"respectively.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-25T08:17:42.794288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}