{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2800149368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500312","title":"FPGA-Based Hardware Accelerator for an Embedded Factor Graph with Configurable Optimization","display_name":"FPGA-Based Hardware Accelerator for an Embedded Factor Graph with Configurable Optimization","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2800149368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500312","mag":"2800149368"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218126619500312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167602672","display_name":"Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers","issn_l":"0218-1266","issn":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21826/1/FSPB-Stimulant-drinks.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025810885","display_name":"Indar Sugiarto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2305-0102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114202661","display_name":"Petra Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/045e97x26","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114202661"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB","ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Indar Sugiarto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Processor Technology, School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, UK","Department of Electrical Engineering, Petra Christian University, Jl. Siwalankerto 121-131, Surabaya 60234, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Processor Technology, School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Petra Christian University, Jl. Siwalankerto 121-131, Surabaya 60234, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114202661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058528561","display_name":"Cristian Axenie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-0546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166625","display_name":"Huawei German Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00z59w514","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353","https://openalex.org/I4210166625"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Axenie","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT R&D Division, HUAWEI Technologies German Research Center, Germany","Neuroscientific System Theory, Karlstra\u00dfe 45, 5. OG., M\u00fcnchen 80333, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT R&D Division, HUAWEI Technologies German Research Center, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166625"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroscientific System Theory, Karlstra\u00dfe 45, 5. OG., M\u00fcnchen 80333, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032405883","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Conradt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5998-9640"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f6rg Conradt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuroscientific System Theory, Karlstra\u00dfe 45, 5. OG., M\u00fcnchen 80333, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroscientific System Theory, Karlstra\u00dfe 45, 5. OG., M\u00fcnchen 80333, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025810885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114202661","https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9477,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77535128,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"02","first_page":"1950031","last_page":"1950031"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7704819440841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.7237265110015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6973134875297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference-engine","display_name":"Inference engine","score":0.6575145721435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.5137373208999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.48990386724472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.48842138051986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.4533965587615967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.43945133686065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4231144189834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4079100489616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3848227560520172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3785405457019806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.27809250354766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.22837892174720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.2266680896282196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21666020154953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11794084310531616}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7704819440841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.7237265110015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6973134875297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46743427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341685","display_name":"Inference engine","level":3,"score":0.6575145721435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.5137373208999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.48990386724472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.48842138051986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.4533965587615967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.43945133686065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4231144189834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4079100489616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3848227560520172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3785405457019806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.27809250354766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.22837892174720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.2266680896282196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21666020154953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11794084310531616}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218126619500312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167602672","display_name":"Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers","issn_l":"0218-1266","issn":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:21826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21826/1/FSPB-Stimulant-drinks.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400250","display_name":"Scientific Repository (Petra Christian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114202661","host_organization_name":"Petra Christian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114202661"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:21826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21826/1/FSPB-Stimulant-drinks.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400250","display_name":"Scientific Repository (Petra Christian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114202661","host_organization_name":"Petra Christian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114202661"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2800149368.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2800149368.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601795611","https://openalex.org/W2017489593","https://openalex.org/W2019434019","https://openalex.org/W2034798008","https://openalex.org/W2064169939","https://openalex.org/W2074079408","https://openalex.org/W2084501099","https://openalex.org/W2093726144","https://openalex.org/W2127313932","https://openalex.org/W2134963415","https://openalex.org/W2136595986","https://openalex.org/W2137052305","https://openalex.org/W2137813581","https://openalex.org/W2169415915","https://openalex.org/W2169447051","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2205225968","https://openalex.org/W2623293810","https://openalex.org/W4238614602"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058965144","https://openalex.org/W2164382479","https://openalex.org/W2146343568","https://openalex.org/W2532502681","https://openalex.org/W4319952061","https://openalex.org/W4280636456","https://openalex.org/W4388913998","https://openalex.org/W4310584535","https://openalex.org/W4295935044","https://openalex.org/W3159906349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"factor":[1],"graph":[2],"(FG)":[3],"can":[4,28,136,169],"be":[5,29,170],"considered":[6],"as":[7,74],"a":[8,12,17,26,40,50,59,75,83,100,108,156,161],"unified":[9],"model":[10],"combining":[11],"Bayesian":[13],"network":[14],"(BN)":[15],"and":[16,36,47,111,127],"Markov":[18],"random":[19],"field":[20],"(MRF).":[21],"The":[22,104,163],"inference":[23,52,86,96,139],"mechanism":[24,53],"of":[25],"FG":[27,95,158],"used":[30],"to":[31,66,81,121],"perform":[32],"reasoning":[33,64],"under":[34],"incompleteness":[35],"uncertainty,":[37],"which":[38,148],"is":[39,79,112,149],"challenging":[41],"task":[42],"in":[43,69],"many":[44],"intelligent":[45],"systems":[46],"robotics.":[48],"Unfortunately,":[49],"complete":[51],"requires":[54],"intense":[55],"computations":[56],"that":[57,98,166],"introduces":[58],"long":[60],"delay":[61],"for":[62],"the":[63,123,138,145,151],"process":[65,140],"complete.":[67],"Furthermore,":[68],"an":[70,93,173],"energy-constrained":[71],"system":[72],"such":[73],"mobile":[76],"robot,":[77],"it":[78,135],"required":[80],"have":[82],"very":[84],"efficient":[85,174],"process.":[87],"In":[88,131],"this":[89],"paper,":[90],"we":[91],"present":[92],"embedded":[94],"engine":[97,105],"employs":[99],"neural-inspired":[101],"discretization":[102],"mechanism.":[103],"runs":[106],"on":[107,160],"system-on-chip":[109],"(SoC)":[110],"accelerated":[113],"by":[114,155],"its":[115],"FPGA.":[116],"We":[117],"optimized":[118],"our":[119,132,167],"design":[120,168],"balance":[122],"trade-off":[124],"between":[125],"speed":[126],"hardware":[128],"resource":[129],"utilization.":[130],"fully-optimized":[133],"design,":[134],"accelerate":[137],"eight":[141],"times":[142],"faster":[143],"than":[144],"normal":[146],"execution,":[147],"twice":[150],"speed-up":[152],"gain":[153],"achieved":[154],"parallelized":[157],"running":[159],"PC.":[162],"experiments":[164],"demonstrate":[165],"extended":[171],"into":[172],"reconfigurable":[175],"computing":[176],"machine.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}