{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127720984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001421540227","title":"Underwater Image Enhancement with the Low-Rank Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Method","display_name":"Underwater Image Enhancement with the Low-Rank Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Method","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127720984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001421540227","mag":"3127720984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001421540227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001421540227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100633310","display_name":"Xiaopeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4822-2721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124239","display_name":"Shanghai Xiandai Architectural Design","ror":"https://ror.org/036xtjy06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124239"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaopeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 265205, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","Shandong Hi-speed Architectural Design Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4822-2721","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 265205, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Hi-speed Architectural Design Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331624","display_name":"Cong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-1371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64449678","display_name":"Putian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmsxk74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64449678"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAD/CAM Fujian Province University Engineering Research Center, Putian University, Putian 350000, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAD/CAM Fujian Province University Engineering Research Center, Putian University, Putian 350000, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64449678"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430482","display_name":"Xiaochen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5362-4018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124239","display_name":"Shanghai Xiandai Architectural Design","ror":"https://ror.org/036xtjy06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124239"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaochen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 265205, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","Shandong Hi-speed Architectural Design Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 265205, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Hi-speed Architectural Design Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124239"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100633310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124239","https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2827,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52097827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"08","first_page":"2154022","last_page":"2154022"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.8650344610214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.6423481106758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6223800182342529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5986852645874023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-negative-matrix-factorization","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","score":0.582324743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5363622307777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.5250896215438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5175401568412781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-formation","display_name":"Image formation","score":0.49054616689682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4685341417789459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.46068623661994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.44714105129241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factorization","display_name":"Factorization","score":0.44448143243789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.431302547454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33387088775634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3297887444496155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26362699270248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11808252334594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.11119544506072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.09606647491455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.08967792987823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.060607463121414185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.8650344610214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6423481106758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6223800182342529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5986852645874023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152671427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843505","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","level":4,"score":0.582324743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5363622307777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5250896215438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5175401568412781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125045340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002224","display_name":"Image formation","level":3,"score":0.49054616689682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4685341417789459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.46068623661994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.44714105129241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187834632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188804","display_name":"Factorization","level":2,"score":0.44448143243789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.431302547454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33387088775634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3297887444496155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26362699270248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11808252334594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.11119544506072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.09606647491455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08967792987823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.060607463121414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001421540227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001421540227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1644173899","https://openalex.org/W1965952683","https://openalex.org/W1988035518","https://openalex.org/W2041285268","https://openalex.org/W2065546205","https://openalex.org/W2082968119","https://openalex.org/W2128254161","https://openalex.org/W2145885328","https://openalex.org/W2157051025","https://openalex.org/W2181646778","https://openalex.org/W2289112095","https://openalex.org/W2406310103","https://openalex.org/W2474516010","https://openalex.org/W2501556412","https://openalex.org/W2565506808","https://openalex.org/W2617949594","https://openalex.org/W2736558325","https://openalex.org/W2763503841","https://openalex.org/W2769366056","https://openalex.org/W2770526472","https://openalex.org/W2776994123","https://openalex.org/W2859720860","https://openalex.org/W2895698828","https://openalex.org/W3110719502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127243424","https://openalex.org/W2037504162","https://openalex.org/W2792706544","https://openalex.org/W1568451138","https://openalex.org/W2539013788","https://openalex.org/W2156699640","https://openalex.org/W2045265907","https://openalex.org/W2972997031","https://openalex.org/W2075222291","https://openalex.org/W2146544734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,57,66,105,139],"the":[2,8,20,31,51,59,67,72,82,85,112,125,133,142],"scattering":[3,89],"and":[4,62,87,120],"absorption":[5],"effects":[6],"in":[7],"undersea":[9],"environment,":[10],"underwater":[11,53,68,74,114],"image":[12,54,69,75,115],"enhancement":[13],"is":[14,25,34,103,116],"a":[15,41,107],"challenging":[16],"problem.":[17,29],"To":[18],"obtain":[19],"ground-truth":[21],"data":[22],"for":[23],"training":[24,143],"also":[26],"an":[27],"open":[28],"So,":[30],"learning":[32],"process":[33],"unavailable.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"paper,":[38],"we":[39],"propose":[40],"Low-Rank":[42],"Nonnegative":[43],"Matrix":[44],"Factorization":[45],"(LR-NMF)":[46],"method,":[47],"which":[48],"only":[49],"uses":[50],"degraded":[52,73],"as":[55,98],"input":[56],"generate":[58],"more":[60],"clear":[61],"realistic":[63],"image.":[64],"According":[65],"formation":[70],"model,":[71],"could":[76],"be":[77,96],"separated":[78],"into":[79],"three":[80],"parts,":[81],"directed":[83,101],"component,":[84],"back":[86],"forward":[88],"components.":[90],"The":[91,100,118],"latter":[92],"two":[93],"parts":[94],"can":[95],"considered":[97],"scattering.":[99],"component":[102],"constrained":[104],"have":[106],"low":[108],"rank.":[109],"After":[110],"that,":[111],"restored":[113],"obtained.":[117],"quantitative":[119],"qualitative":[121],"analyses":[122],"illustrate":[123],"that":[124],"proposed":[126],"method":[127],"performed":[128],"equivalent":[129],"or":[130],"better":[131],"than":[132],"state-of-the-art":[134],"methods.":[135],"Yet,":[136],"it\u2019s":[137],"simple":[138],"implement":[140],"without":[141],"process.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
