{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963221748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420500160","title":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition Based on Wavelet Transform and Vertical Edge Matching","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition Based on Wavelet Transform and Vertical Edge Matching","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963221748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420500160","mag":"2963221748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001420500160","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420500160","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674335","display_name":"Zhongli Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-4031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121691239","display_name":"Beihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/013jjp941","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121691239"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongli Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-4031","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121691239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107792298","display_name":"Xiping Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6745-080X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121691239","display_name":"Beihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/013jjp941","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121691239"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiping Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121691239"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090807397","display_name":"Wenlin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3368-4544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121691239","display_name":"Beihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/013jjp941","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121691239"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenlin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121691239"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121691239"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0616,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80700834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"06","first_page":"2050016","last_page":"2050016"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9150000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/license","display_name":"License","score":0.8174922466278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.6971654891967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6678266525268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6435631513595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6267530918121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.508965015411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.5063415765762329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.4481838047504425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.44447576999664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4076596796512604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.37661105394363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.24272817373275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12749499082565308}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.8174922466278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.6971654891967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6678266525268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6435631513595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6267530918121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.508965015411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.5063415765762329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.4481838047504425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.44447576999664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4076596796512604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.37661105394363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.24272817373275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12749499082565308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001420500160","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420500160","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502374828","https://openalex.org/W2036793532","https://openalex.org/W2096693130","https://openalex.org/W3047465972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606446052","https://openalex.org/W2036021480","https://openalex.org/W3195777957","https://openalex.org/W2382668227","https://openalex.org/W2348482143","https://openalex.org/W2024584030","https://openalex.org/W2137048368","https://openalex.org/W1603675680","https://openalex.org/W17460865","https://openalex.org/W2372578044"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,12,27,59,65,77,113,120,134,139,146,150,159,166,173,201,212,223,227,236,251,277],"improvement":[2],"of":[3,10,16,40,64,79,115,122,130,138,149,165,168,175,200,279],"our":[4],"country\u2019s":[5],"economic":[6],"level":[7],"and":[8,14,19,33,56,62,172,192,210,235,262],"quality":[9],"life,":[11],"numbers":[13],"scales":[15],"highway":[17],"networks":[18],"motor":[20],"vehicles":[21],"are":[22,229,238],"constantly":[23],"expanding,":[24],"which":[25,271],"makes":[26],"current":[28],"road":[29],"traffic":[30,41,54],"burden":[31],"more":[32,34],"serious.":[35],"As":[36],"an":[37,50],"important":[38,51],"means":[39],"automation":[42],"management,":[43],"license":[44,67,90,140,151,160,177,184,202,213,254,281],"plate":[45,68,91,141,152,161,185,203,214,255,282],"recognition":[46,60,69,92,186,256,283],"(LPR)":[47],"technology":[48,171],"plays":[49],"role":[52],"in":[53,112,179,268],"surveillance":[55],"control.":[57],"However,":[58],"rate":[61],"accuracy":[63],"traditional":[66],"methods":[70],"still":[71],"need":[72],"to":[73,86,157],"be":[74,143,154],"improved.":[75],"In":[76,118,163],"case":[78],"poor":[80],"surrounding":[81],"environment,":[82],"it":[83],"is":[84,125,196,204,215,225],"prone":[85],"localization":[87],"failure,":[88],"vehicle":[89,176,183,253,280],"errors":[93],"or":[94],"unrecognizable":[95],"phenomena.":[96],"Wavelet":[97],"transform,":[98,107],"as":[99],"another":[100],"landmark":[101],"signal":[102],"processing":[103],"method":[104,234],"after":[105],"Fourier":[106],"has":[108],"been":[109],"widely":[110],"used":[111],"field":[114],"image":[116],"processing.":[117],"China,":[119],"number":[121],"horizontal":[123],"lines":[124],"usually":[126],"larger":[127],"than":[128],"that":[129,250],"vertical":[131,136,193,218,232,263],"lines.":[132],"If":[133],"two":[135],"boundaries":[137],"can":[142,153],"detected":[144,205],"successfully,":[145],"four":[147],"angles":[148],"determined":[155],"efficiently":[156],"complete":[158],"positioning.":[162],"view":[164],"advantages":[167],"wavelet":[169,190,207,260],"transform":[170,191,208,261],"characteristics":[174],"plate,":[178],"this":[180],"paper,":[181],"a":[182,273],"algorithm":[187,257,269],"based":[188,258],"on":[189,259],"edge":[194,199,219,264],"matching":[195,220,265],"proposed.":[197],"The":[198,246],"by":[206,217,231,240],"technology,":[209],"then":[211],"located":[216],"technology.":[221],"After":[222],"location":[224],"realized,":[226],"characters":[228,237],"segmented":[230],"projection":[233],"recognized":[239],"improved":[241],"BP":[242],"neural":[243],"network":[244],"algorithm.":[245],"experimental":[247],"results":[248],"show":[249],"proposed":[252],"performs":[266],"well":[267],"performance,":[270],"provides":[272],"good":[274],"reference":[275],"for":[276],"development":[278],"system.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}