{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921811337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419540387","title":"A Combined Approach for the Binarization of Historical Tibetan Document Images","display_name":"A Combined Approach for the Binarization of Historical Tibetan Document Images","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921811337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419540387","mag":"2921811337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001419540387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419540387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103217353","display_name":"Yuehui Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7076-9902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuehui Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of China\u2019s Ethnic Languages and Information, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China","School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7076-9902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of China\u2019s Ethnic Languages and Information, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111418843","display_name":"Weilan Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weilan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of China\u2019s Ethnic Languages and Information, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of China\u2019s Ethnic Languages and Information, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101929839","display_name":"Huaming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0268-7745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13175533","display_name":"Fuyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02njz9p87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13175533"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer and Information School, Fuyang Normal College, Fuyang, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Information School, Fuyang Normal College, Fuyang, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13175533"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yiqun Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiqun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of China\u2019s Ethnic Languages and Information, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of China\u2019s Ethnic Languages and Information, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6101,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71513376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"14","first_page":"1954038","last_page":"1954038"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7645055055618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7565174102783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6440832614898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6136782169342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-document","display_name":"Historical document","score":0.5853895545005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5740149021148682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-image","display_name":"Binary image","score":0.5370416045188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.49474188685417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4698590040206909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.4676107168197632}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7645055055618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7565174102783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6440832614898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6136782169342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778371909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771738","display_name":"Historical document","level":2,"score":0.5853895545005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5740149021148682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193828747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864118","display_name":"Binary image","level":4,"score":0.5370416045188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.49474188685417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4698590040206909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.4676107168197632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001419540387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419540387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486451528","https://openalex.org/W1983075825","https://openalex.org/W2033573633","https://openalex.org/W2053896220","https://openalex.org/W2127319406","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2156605212","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2182415974","https://openalex.org/W2507774371","https://openalex.org/W2570695987","https://openalex.org/W2597366241","https://openalex.org/W2731605675","https://openalex.org/W2738466369","https://openalex.org/W2868258390"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2390309156","https://openalex.org/W2135277666","https://openalex.org/W3186605777","https://openalex.org/W3107295340","https://openalex.org/W2574769845","https://openalex.org/W2220864757","https://openalex.org/W146855993","https://openalex.org/W3080815883","https://openalex.org/W2794758705","https://openalex.org/W1984518505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,36,70,113,150,172],"common":[2,33],"that":[3,24,72],"historical":[4,9,63],"Tibetan":[5,64],"documents":[6],"belonging":[7],"to":[8,17,47,74,132,159,192],"collections":[10],"are":[11,15,98,130,139],"poorly":[12],"preserved":[13],"and":[14,56,90,123,147,180],"prone":[16],"degradation":[18],"processes.":[19],"This":[20],"causes":[21],"many":[22],"challenges":[23],"can":[25],"be":[26],"addressed":[27],"by":[28,52,174],"image":[29,85,102,148,171,179,201],"binarization,":[30],"the":[31,53,60,81,91,119,134,137,154,157,161,164,168,176,181],"most":[32],"of":[34,40,58,62,94,156,163,199,206],"which":[35,97],"stains.":[37],"A":[38],"lack":[39],"uniform":[41],"standard":[42,88],"datasets":[43],"makes":[44],"it":[45],"difficult":[46],"evaluate":[48],"binarization":[49,61,89,111,170,178],"effects.":[50],"Motivated":[51],"poor":[54],"effects":[55],"difficulty":[57],"evaluating":[59],"document":[65],"images,":[66,96],"a":[67,196,204],"combined":[68],"approach":[69],"proposed":[71],"aims":[73],"improve":[75],"overall":[76],"performance.":[77],"The":[78,127],"method":[79,187],"includes":[80],"following":[82],"parts:":[83],"first,":[84],"generation":[86],"through":[87,115,124],"background":[92,207],"extraction":[93],"color":[95,121],"both":[99],"used":[100,131],"for":[101,106],"synthesis":[103],"in":[104,118],"preparing":[105],"an":[107],"evaluation.":[108],"Then,":[109],"preliminary":[110,177],"processing":[112],"implemented":[114],"channel":[116],"combination":[117,155],"lab":[120],"space":[122],"local":[125],"binarization.":[126],"synthetic":[128,200],"images":[129],"select":[133],"coefficient":[135],"when":[136],"channels":[138,158],"combined.":[140],"Furthermore,":[141],"Local":[142],"Binary":[143],"Pattern":[144],"(hereafter":[145],"LBP)":[146],"smoothing":[149],"carried":[151],"out":[152],"after":[153,195],"obtain":[160],"outline":[162],"text":[165,182],"area.":[166],"Finally,":[167],"final":[169],"obtained":[173],"combining":[175],"area":[183],"contour":[184],"image.":[185],"Our":[186],"achieved":[188],"top":[189],"performance":[190],"compared":[191],"other":[193],"methods":[194],"large":[197],"number":[198],"tests":[202],"with":[203],"variety":[205],"types.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}