{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152929311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416560012","title":"A Kernel Two-Phase Test Sample Sparse Representation for Face Recognition","display_name":"A Kernel Two-Phase Test Sample Sparse Representation for Face Recognition","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152929311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416560012","mag":"2152929311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001416560012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416560012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413271","display_name":"Zhonghua Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9816-7471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhonghua Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087363347","display_name":"Jiexin Pu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-2870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiexin Pu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112117858","display_name":"Yong Qiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053995342","display_name":"Moli Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5132-6719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moli Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101764807","display_name":"Xiaoli Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-9378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102345215","display_name":"Xihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gwtvf26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoli Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xihua University, 999 Jin Zhou Rd. Jin niu District, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan Province, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xihua University, 999 Jin Zhou Rd. Jin niu District, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan Province, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100930021","display_name":"Guangjun Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangjun Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100413271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1841,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5824093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"01","first_page":"1656001","last_page":"1656001"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.7375016808509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.7322286367416382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7286108732223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6598407030105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.6003190279006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5975285172462463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-method","display_name":"Kernel method","score":0.5482493042945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5049586892127991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5026414394378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.49305459856987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.4780498147010803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4453681707382202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radial-basis-function-kernel","display_name":"Radial basis function kernel","score":0.4277762770652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-data","display_name":"Test data","score":0.4275969862937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-embedding-of-distributions","display_name":"Kernel embedding of distributions","score":0.42216867208480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3517445921897888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.1789965033531189}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.7375016808509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.7322286367416382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7286108732223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6598407030105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.6003190279006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5975285172462463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122280245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620622","display_name":"Kernel method","level":3,"score":0.5482493042945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5049586892127991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5026414394378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.49305459856987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.4780498147010803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4453681707382202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75866337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7280263","display_name":"Radial basis function kernel","level":4,"score":0.4277762770652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.4275969862937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134517425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000131","display_name":"Kernel embedding of distributions","level":4,"score":0.42216867208480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3517445921897888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.1789965033531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001416560012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416560012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1808256548","https://openalex.org/W1964749215","https://openalex.org/W1976466396","https://openalex.org/W1982000202","https://openalex.org/W1984577369","https://openalex.org/W1993229155","https://openalex.org/W1997011019","https://openalex.org/W2001059210","https://openalex.org/W2003860694","https://openalex.org/W2004010576","https://openalex.org/W2009596443","https://openalex.org/W2025089370","https://openalex.org/W2034993779","https://openalex.org/W2049234964","https://openalex.org/W2052079879","https://openalex.org/W2069959554","https://openalex.org/W2080296254","https://openalex.org/W2085400714","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2102544846","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2129812935","https://openalex.org/W2132467081","https://openalex.org/W2135463994","https://openalex.org/W2140095548","https://openalex.org/W2141607429","https://openalex.org/W2147232781","https://openalex.org/W2150796457","https://openalex.org/W3143172154"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366185040","https://openalex.org/W3123056048","https://openalex.org/W1984421104","https://openalex.org/W127070535","https://openalex.org/W2393746448","https://openalex.org/W2958374823","https://openalex.org/W2071590642","https://openalex.org/W2090782076","https://openalex.org/W2081743126","https://openalex.org/W2095626363"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sparse":[0],"representation":[1,15,34],"is":[2,37],"a":[3,28,52,83],"new":[4],"hot":[5],"technique":[6],"in":[7,22,67],"recent":[8],"years.":[9],"The":[10],"two-phase":[11,30],"test":[12,31,84,105],"sample":[13,32,85],"sparse":[14,33],"method":[16,35,66,110],"(TPTSSR)":[17],"achieved":[18],"an":[19,46,72],"excellent":[20],"performance":[21,115],"face":[23,121],"recognition.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"kernel":[29,74,79],"(KTPTSSR)":[36],"proposed.":[38],"Firstly,":[39],"the":[40,57,64,68,77,91,95,99,104,108,120,124],"input":[41],"data":[42,58,97],"are":[43,59,81],"mapped":[44],"into":[45],"implicit":[47],"high-dimensional":[48],"feature":[49,69],"space":[50],"by":[51,61],"nonlinear":[53],"mapping":[54],"function.":[55],"Secondly,":[56],"analyzed":[60],"means":[62],"of":[63,94,103,126],"TPTSSR":[65],"space.":[70],"If":[71],"appropriate":[73],"function":[75],"and":[76],"corresponding":[78],"parameter":[80],"selected,":[82],"can":[86],"be":[87],"accurately":[88],"represented":[89],"as":[90],"linear":[92],"combination":[93],"training":[96],"with":[98],"same":[100],"label":[101],"information":[102],"sample.":[106],"Therefore,":[107],"proposed":[109],"could":[111],"have":[112],"better":[113],"recognition":[114],"than":[116],"TPTSSR.":[117],"Experiments":[118],"on":[119],"databases":[122],"demonstrate":[123],"effectiveness":[125],"our":[127],"methods.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}