{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2035385095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001410008068","title":"A LEAST-SQUARES MODEL TO ORTHOGONAL LINEAR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS","display_name":"A LEAST-SQUARES MODEL TO ORTHOGONAL LINEAR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2035385095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001410008068","mag":"2035385095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001410008068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001410008068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101664915","display_name":"Taiping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9891-4203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"TAIPING ZHANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046520540","display_name":"Bin Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1955-6626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"BIN FANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085140523","display_name":"Yuan Yan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-130X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"YUAN YAN TANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052276737","display_name":"Zhaowei Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1588-1387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ZHAOWEI SHANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054897331","display_name":"Guanghui He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-6421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GUANGHUI HE","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.286,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61568561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"04","first_page":"635","last_page":"650"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9641000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.7181534767150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6196353435516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.5478269457817078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagonal","display_name":"Diagonal","score":0.5382319092750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Optimal discriminant analysis","score":0.5118767023086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-function-approximation","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","score":0.4987223148345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48132050037384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-transformation","display_name":"Orthogonal transformation","score":0.4810643196105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4447753131389618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.44185927510261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.4354914426803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.43478983640670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4196493625640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3010007441043854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14305797219276428}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.7181534767150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6196353435516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.5478269457817078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130367717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189791","display_name":"Diagonal","level":2,"score":0.5382319092750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104500394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17104912","display_name":"Optimal discriminant analysis","level":3,"score":0.5118767023086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.4987223148345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48132050037384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54940322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3997740","display_name":"Orthogonal transformation","level":2,"score":0.4810643196105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4447753131389618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.44185927510261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4354914426803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.43478983640670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4196493625640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3010007441043854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14305797219276428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001410008068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001410008068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321135","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321550","display_name":"Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05w9erc61"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486934861","https://openalex.org/W1496317909","https://openalex.org/W1978969068","https://openalex.org/W1991390949","https://openalex.org/W2006793117","https://openalex.org/W2028951605","https://openalex.org/W2046649434","https://openalex.org/W2059998433","https://openalex.org/W2088900896","https://openalex.org/W2111574755","https://openalex.org/W2116019577","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2121950398","https://openalex.org/W2128603141","https://openalex.org/W2134262590","https://openalex.org/W2137611320","https://openalex.org/W2151512984","https://openalex.org/W2152939563","https://openalex.org/W2155599429","https://openalex.org/W2158114849","https://openalex.org/W4205687621"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350751952","https://openalex.org/W1999647744","https://openalex.org/W2362114017","https://openalex.org/W2063246903","https://openalex.org/W2374055396","https://openalex.org/W2375208160","https://openalex.org/W2113920489","https://openalex.org/W2371177901","https://openalex.org/W1534459252","https://openalex.org/W3147024994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Orthogonal":[0],"transformation":[1,61],"can":[2],"delete":[3],"the":[4,11,29,70,82,86,97,125],"correlations":[5],"among":[6],"candidate":[7],"features":[8,13],"such":[9,68],"that":[10,69,96,118],"extracted":[12],"do":[14],"not":[15],"disturb":[16],"each":[17],"other.":[18],"An":[19],"orthogonal":[20,40,60],"set":[21],"of":[22,88],"discriminant":[23,31,42],"vectors":[24],"is":[25,79,90],"more":[26],"powerful":[27],"than":[28],"classical":[30,102],"vectors.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34],"paper,":[35],"we":[36],"present":[37],"a":[38,64],"new":[39],"linear":[41],"analysis":[43,94],"(OLDA)":[44],"model":[45,99],"based":[46],"on":[47,108],"least-squares":[48,83],"approximation":[49],"called":[50],"LS-OLDA":[51,119],"for":[52],"pattern":[53],"classification,":[54],"which":[55],"aims":[56],"to":[57,124],"find":[58],"an":[59],"W":[62],"and":[63,76,85,128],"diagonal":[65],"matrix":[66],"D":[67,89],"difference":[71],"between":[72],"[Formula:":[73],"see":[74],"text]":[75],"WDW":[77],"T":[78],"minimized":[80],"in":[81],"sense,":[84],"trace":[87],"maximized":[91],"simultaneously.":[92],"Theoretical":[93],"shows":[95],"proposed":[98],"coincides":[100],"with":[101,114],"OLDA":[103],"criterion.":[104],"The":[105],"experimental":[106],"results":[107],"different":[109],"standard":[110],"data":[111],"sets":[112],"compared":[113],"related":[115],"methods":[116],"show":[117],"achieves":[120],"or":[121],"approximates":[122],"closely":[123],"best":[126],"accuracy,":[127],"has":[129],"lower":[130],"computational":[131],"cost.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}