{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018643196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001404003320","title":"ROBUST PROFILE VERIFICATION SCHEME BASED ON EAR REFERENCE COORDINATE SYSTEM","display_name":"ROBUST PROFILE VERIFICATION SCHEME BASED ON EAR REFERENCE COORDINATE SYSTEM","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018643196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001404003320","mag":"2018643196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001404003320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001404003320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033726593","display_name":"Byung\u2010Gyu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-3464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"BYUNG-GYU KIM","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea, Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea, Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102101986","display_name":"SUNG-YUN JUNG","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SUNG-YUN JUNG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea, Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea, Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077912414","display_name":"Dong-Jo Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-5931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DONG-JO PARK","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea, Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea, Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14565036,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"04","first_page":"685","last_page":"700"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7286398410797119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6748166680335999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6591823697090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5837113857269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5217465162277222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5140558481216431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5061234831809998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.46398237347602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line-segment","display_name":"Line segment","score":0.4393761456012726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-priori-and-a-posteriori","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","score":0.42934712767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.42659056186676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4241163730621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2356865108013153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7286398410797119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6748166680335999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6591823697090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5837113857269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5217465162277222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5140558481216431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5061234831809998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.46398237347602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182124507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166154","display_name":"Line segment","level":2,"score":0.4393761456012726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75553542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178161","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","level":2,"score":0.42934712767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.42659056186676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4241163730621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2356865108013153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001404003320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001404003320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512481519","https://openalex.org/W1531919941","https://openalex.org/W1767151246","https://openalex.org/W1963203834","https://openalex.org/W2007919809","https://openalex.org/W2100115174","https://openalex.org/W2102796633","https://openalex.org/W2135381585","https://openalex.org/W2147027100","https://openalex.org/W2161872766","https://openalex.org/W4210719020","https://openalex.org/W4240729944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388311650","https://openalex.org/W1974056099","https://openalex.org/W4245343541","https://openalex.org/W2386077341","https://openalex.org/W563589758","https://openalex.org/W5922282","https://openalex.org/W2954004777","https://openalex.org/W2949638731","https://openalex.org/W2951102138","https://openalex.org/W4299447939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,28,33,66],"novel":[4],"profile":[5,19,134,161],"verification":[6,130],"scheme":[7],"based":[8],"on":[9,53,89],"the":[10,24,36,40,45,54,64,68,71,76,79,83,95,104,117,120,126,132,145,154],"ear,":[11],"contour":[12,37,72,93],"lines":[13],"and":[14,49,87,116,160],"feature":[15,106,127,140,158],"points":[16],"from":[17],"head":[18,30],"images":[20,61],"is":[21,42,98,114,122,135],"proposed.":[22],"From":[23],"side":[25],"image":[26,41,97],"of":[27,39,70,78,82,94,111,119,131,144,153],"human":[29],"taken":[31],"by":[32,44,58,102,137],"CCD":[34],"camera,":[35],"line":[38,73],"extracted":[43,105],"simple":[46],"filling":[47],"method":[48,156],"morphological":[50],"filtering.":[51],"Based":[52],"reference":[55],"coordinate":[56],"set":[57],"using":[59],"ear":[60],"enrolled":[62,146],"in":[63],"database":[65],"priori,":[67],"features":[69],"such":[74],"as":[75],"tip":[77],"nose,":[80,84],"bottom":[81],"eye":[85],"point":[86],"so":[88],"are":[90],"extracted.":[91],"The":[92,108,129,148],"given":[96,133],"divided":[99],"into":[100],"segments":[101],"utilizing":[103],"points.":[107],"directional":[109],"code":[110],"each":[112],"segment":[113,121],"proposed":[115],"length":[118],"computed":[123],"for":[124,157],"generating":[125],"vector.":[128],"performed":[136],"matching":[138],"these":[139],"vectors":[141],"with":[142],"those":[143],"database.":[147],"experimental":[149],"results":[150],"show":[151],"validity":[152],"developed":[155],"extraction":[159],"verification.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
