{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2590145281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217595917400036","title":"Impacts of Leader\u2013Follower Structure on Pricing and Production Strategies in a Decentralized Assembly System","display_name":"Impacts of Leader\u2013Follower Structure on Pricing and Production Strategies in a Decentralized Assembly System","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2590145281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217595917400036","mag":"2590145281"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0217595917400036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217595917400036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1254427","display_name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Operational Research","issn_l":"0217-5959","issn":["0217-5959","1793-7019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020706744","display_name":"Guo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7127-1102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China","School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103273069","display_name":"Hui Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8255-2471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China","School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100723978","display_name":"Lei Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-9234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Economics and Management School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Economics and Management School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100723978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9326245,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"01","first_page":"1740003","last_page":"1740003"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10551","display_name":"Scheduling and Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.7382048964500427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7161276936531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain","display_name":"Supply chain","score":0.7007824182510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.6387197375297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.6377328038215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-game","display_name":"Stochastic game","score":0.5105000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.4965839982032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.48172619938850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supplier-relationship-management","display_name":"Supplier relationship management","score":0.48034346103668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4690212309360504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.4637288451194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.44807907938957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.415910929441452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-management","display_name":"Supply chain management","score":0.34050214290618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.28242480754852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25455528497695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2528965175151825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07603341341018677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7382048964500427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7161276936531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.7007824182510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.6387197375297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6377328038215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.5105000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.4965839982032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.48172619938850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104861157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357275","display_name":"Supplier relationship management","level":4,"score":0.48034346103668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4690212309360504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4637288451194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.44807907938957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.415910929441452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44104985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492886","display_name":"Supply chain management","level":3,"score":0.34050214290618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.28242480754852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25455528497695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2528965175151825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07603341341018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0217595917400036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217595917400036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1254427","display_name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Operational Research","issn_l":"0217-5959","issn":["0217-5959","1793-7019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wsi:apjorx:v:34:y:2017:i:01:n:s0217595917400036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0217595917400036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W195442305","https://openalex.org/W1589574557","https://openalex.org/W1882437856","https://openalex.org/W1964723874","https://openalex.org/W1966144537","https://openalex.org/W2000471803","https://openalex.org/W2000568503","https://openalex.org/W2008773175","https://openalex.org/W2009084832","https://openalex.org/W2010350199","https://openalex.org/W2010618537","https://openalex.org/W2011209149","https://openalex.org/W2027105116","https://openalex.org/W2029087371","https://openalex.org/W2047896824","https://openalex.org/W2054418214","https://openalex.org/W2065620658","https://openalex.org/W2070790886","https://openalex.org/W2075645389","https://openalex.org/W2084354831","https://openalex.org/W2087346037","https://openalex.org/W2094252409","https://openalex.org/W2099441023","https://openalex.org/W2106910510","https://openalex.org/W2116300181","https://openalex.org/W2122610370","https://openalex.org/W2138937214","https://openalex.org/W2149035559","https://openalex.org/W2166602095","https://openalex.org/W2169014331","https://openalex.org/W2242456062","https://openalex.org/W2335516302","https://openalex.org/W2344682344","https://openalex.org/W4256387123"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2605497830","https://openalex.org/W3169439878","https://openalex.org/W2062756478","https://openalex.org/W2948291551","https://openalex.org/W2140073938","https://openalex.org/W2049122717","https://openalex.org/W2028631792","https://openalex.org/W2910106181","https://openalex.org/W4226239241","https://openalex.org/W2361959032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,86,133],"last":[1],"decade":[2],"has":[3,148],"witnessed":[4],"an":[5],"increase":[6],"in":[7,13,31,60,93],"the":[8,26,56,62,66,69,74,80,90,95,98,101,106,109,121,130,140,153],"number":[9],"of":[10,37,156],"big-data-based":[11],"businesses,":[12],"particular":[14],"for":[15,68,100,139],"those":[16,128],"industries":[17],"with":[18,152,164],"complicated":[19],"supply":[20,34],"chain":[21,35],"structure.":[22],"This":[23],"paper":[24],"investigates":[25],"pricing":[27],"and":[28,43,73,76,82,105,117,161],"production":[29,83,118,154,165],"strategies":[30],"a":[32,38,40,44,149],"decentralized":[33],"composed":[36],"manufacturer,":[39],"key":[41,57,63,122,134],"supplier,":[42],"general":[45,77],"supplier.":[46],"We":[47,112],"establish":[48],"two":[49,71,103],"different":[50],"leader\u2013follower":[51],"structure":[52],"models.":[53],"One":[54],"is":[55,89,137],"supplier\u2013leader":[58,123,135],"game,":[59,92],"which":[61,94],"supplier":[64,78],"decides":[65],"prices":[67,99],"other":[70,87,102],"components,":[72,104],"manufacturer":[75,96],"determine":[79,108],"order":[81],"quantities,":[84],"respectively.":[85],"model":[88],"manufacturer\u2013leader":[91,131],"offers":[97],"suppliers":[107],"product":[110],"quantities.":[111],"show":[113,144],"that":[114,145],"equilibrium":[115],"price":[116],"quantity":[119],"under":[120,129],"game":[124,136],"are":[125],"higher":[126],"than":[127],"game.":[132],"suitable":[138],"channel.":[141],"Moreover,":[142],"we":[143],"channel":[146],"payoff":[147],"non-monotonic":[150],"relation":[151],"cost":[155],"suppliers;":[157],"it":[158],"initially":[159],"increases":[160],"then":[162],"decreases":[163],"costs.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
