{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4223560684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012906572250023x","title":"A Layered Spiking Neural System for Classification Problems","display_name":"A Layered Spiking Neural System for Classification Problems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4223560684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012906572250023x","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35416762"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s012906572250023x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012906572250023x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197665576","display_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","issn_l":"0129-0657","issn":["0129-0657","1793-6462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/7564509","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083210367","display_name":"Gexiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-0977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gexiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089965805","display_name":"Xihai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0933-1896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xihai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025720326","display_name":"Haina Rong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6072-3652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haina Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032441366","display_name":"Prithwineel Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-3407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prithwineel Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101584127","display_name":"Ming Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4693-754X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063214931","display_name":"Ferrante Neri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6100-6532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ferrante Neri","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICE Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Surrey, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICE Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068243197","display_name":"Yew-Soon Ong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-169X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yew-Soon Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063214931"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98544304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"08","first_page":"2250023","last_page":"2250023"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.7481921911239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7196463346481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7151967287063599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.69704669713974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.585056722164154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5310794711112976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5012285709381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3304380774497986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.7481921911239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7196463346481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7151967287063599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.69704669713974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.585056722164154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5310794711112976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5012285709381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3304380774497986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s012906572250023x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s012906572250023x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197665576","display_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","issn_l":"0129-0657","issn":["0129-0657","1793-6462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35416762","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35416762","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of neural systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:7564509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/7564509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:7564509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/7564509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4223138140","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019IRS14","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335791","funder_display_name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7437794781","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61972324","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335791","display_name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47480302","https://openalex.org/W1203519395","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1505943987","https://openalex.org/W1570411240","https://openalex.org/W1604973310","https://openalex.org/W1636374184","https://openalex.org/W1645800954","https://openalex.org/W1984586189","https://openalex.org/W2006939223","https://openalex.org/W2033708181","https://openalex.org/W2042013578","https://openalex.org/W2068621415","https://openalex.org/W2071709160","https://openalex.org/W2095430864","https://openalex.org/W2108069432","https://openalex.org/W2113926733","https://openalex.org/W2123546059","https://openalex.org/W2127338217","https://openalex.org/W2127388521","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2130459697","https://openalex.org/W2137283114","https://openalex.org/W2141551738","https://openalex.org/W2147332304","https://openalex.org/W2158708642","https://openalex.org/W2162827630","https://openalex.org/W2164898492","https://openalex.org/W2170968634","https://openalex.org/W2171471042","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2476917595","https://openalex.org/W2506804735","https://openalex.org/W2569813014","https://openalex.org/W2604708133","https://openalex.org/W2621122523","https://openalex.org/W2736832651","https://openalex.org/W2741836281","https://openalex.org/W2750538963","https://openalex.org/W2785236517","https://openalex.org/W2792897601","https://openalex.org/W2896017657","https://openalex.org/W2898296895","https://openalex.org/W2899603070","https://openalex.org/W2913277693","https://openalex.org/W2913907987","https://openalex.org/W2919905642","https://openalex.org/W2921440296","https://openalex.org/W2963206832","https://openalex.org/W2963248262","https://openalex.org/W2966126335","https://openalex.org/W2968291852","https://openalex.org/W2990793844","https://openalex.org/W3016954138","https://openalex.org/W3033861578","https://openalex.org/W3037485096","https://openalex.org/W3037916286","https://openalex.org/W3040617750","https://openalex.org/W3040903868","https://openalex.org/W3043018359","https://openalex.org/W3045777102","https://openalex.org/W3094109137","https://openalex.org/W3136927932","https://openalex.org/W3158912874","https://openalex.org/W4234795407","https://openalex.org/W4312651853"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281699635","https://openalex.org/W4321472116","https://openalex.org/W3202619090","https://openalex.org/W3102040318","https://openalex.org/W4287724471","https://openalex.org/W4386227043","https://openalex.org/W3214713078","https://openalex.org/W2786930404","https://openalex.org/W3161396968","https://openalex.org/W3035000326"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biological":[0],"brains":[1],"have":[2,66],"a":[3,45,80,89,116,145,169],"natural":[4],"capacity":[5],"for":[6,175,222],"resolving":[7],"certain":[8],"classification":[9,32,133,176,227],"tasks.":[10],"Studies":[11],"on":[12,58,110],"biologically":[13],"plausible":[14],"spiking":[15],"neurons,":[16],"architectures":[17],"and":[18,51,65,97,168,191,197],"mechanisms":[19],"of":[20,47,61,88,99,119,144,172,199],"artificial":[21],"neural":[22,38,53,63,107],"systems":[23,40,76,154],"that":[24,55,84,218],"closely":[25],"match":[26],"biological":[27,62,100],"observations":[28],"while":[29],"giving":[30],"high":[31],"performance":[33,221],"are":[34,44,56,77],"gaining":[35],"momentum.":[36],"Spiking":[37],"P":[39,42,75,121,126,129,141,153,203,210,216],"(SN":[41],"systems)":[43],"class":[46],"membrane":[48],"computing":[49],"models":[50],"third-generation":[52],"networks":[54],"based":[57],"the":[59,86,95,103,186,195,200,207,213],"behavior":[60,98],"cells":[64,101],"been":[67],"used":[68],"in":[69,106,224],"various":[70],"engineering":[71],"applications.":[72],"Furthermore,":[73],"SN":[74,120,125,152,215],"characterized":[78],"by":[79,93,135],"highly":[81],"flexible":[82],"structure":[83,96],"enables":[85],"design":[87],"machine":[90,188],"learning":[91,189],"algorithm":[92],"mimicking":[94],"without":[102],"over-simplification":[104],"present":[105],"networks.":[108],"Based":[109],"this":[111,113],"aspect,":[112],"paper":[114],"proposes":[115],"novel":[117],"type":[118],"system,":[122],"namely,":[123],"layered":[124],"system":[127,142,162,211,217],"(LSN":[128],"system),":[130],"to":[131],"solve":[132],"problems":[134],"supervised":[136],"learning.":[137],"The":[138,160,178],"proposed":[139,161,201,208],"LSN":[140,202,209],"consists":[143],"multi-layer":[146],"network":[147],"containing":[148],"multiple":[149],"weighted":[150],"fuzzy":[151],"with":[155],"adaptive":[156],"weight":[157],"adjustment":[158],"rules.":[159],"employs":[163],"specific":[164],"ascending":[165],"dimension":[166],"techniques":[167],"selection":[170],"method":[171],"output":[173],"neurons":[174],"problems.":[177,228],"experimental":[179],"results":[180],"obtained":[181],"using":[182],"benchmark":[183],"datasets":[184],"from":[185],"UCI":[187],"repository":[190],"MNIST":[192],"dataset":[193],"demonstrated":[194],"feasibility":[196],"effectiveness":[198],"system.":[204],"More":[205],"importantly,":[206],"presents":[212],"first":[214],"demonstrates":[219],"sufficient":[220],"use":[223],"addressing":[225],"real-world":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-05-30T09:04:40.226872","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
