{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2063588929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065705000013","title":"AUTOMATED DIAGNOSIS OF BRAIN TUMOURS ASTROCYTOMAS USING PROBABILISTIC NEURAL NETWORK CLUSTERING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES","display_name":"AUTOMATED DIAGNOSIS OF BRAIN TUMOURS ASTROCYTOMAS USING PROBABILISTIC NEURAL NETWORK CLUSTERING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2063588929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065705000013","mag":"2063588929","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15912578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129065705000013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065705000013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197665576","display_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","issn_l":"0129-0657","issn":["0129-0657","1793-6462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://doi.org/10.1142/S0129065705000013","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045628801","display_name":"Dimitris Glotsos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-4055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"DIMITRIS GLOTSOS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Physics, University of Patras, Rio-Patras, 26500, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Physics, University of Patras, Rio-Patras, 26500, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021572716","display_name":"Jussi Tohka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-5860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JUSSI TOHKA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University of Technology, Institute of Signal Processing, Tampere, Finland","University of California Los Angeles, Department of Neurology, Laboratory of NeuroImaging, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University of Technology, Institute of Signal Processing, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Los Angeles, Department of Neurology, Laboratory of NeuroImaging, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109701951","display_name":"Panagiota Ravazoula","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801754460","display_name":"General University Hospital of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/03c3d1v10","country_code":"GR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801754460"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PANAGIOTA RAVAZOULA","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hospital of Patras, Department of Pathology, Rio-Patras, 26500, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital of Patras, Department of Pathology, Rio-Patras, 26500, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801754460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108406254","display_name":"Dionisis Cavouras","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40479246","display_name":"Technological Educational Institute of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/044m46d61","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40479246"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DIONISIS CAVOURAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technological Institute of Athens, Department of Medical Instruments Technology, Aigaleo, Athens, 12210, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technological Institute of Athens, Department of Medical Instruments Technology, Aigaleo, Athens, 12210, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40479246"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084287972","display_name":"George Nikiforidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GEORGE NIKIFORIDIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Physics, University of Patras, Rio-Patras, 26500, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Physics, University of Patras, Rio-Patras, 26500, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045628801"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1227,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93871199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"01n02","first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7397855520248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7143906950950623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6746542453765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6736952066421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6388784050941467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5733574032783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5560683608055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-neural-network","display_name":"Probabilistic neural network","score":0.5055944919586182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.485045850276947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grading","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","score":0.47172823548316956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4479142427444458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-neural-network","display_name":"Time delay neural network","score":0.07965967059135437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7397855520248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7143906950950623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6746542453765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6736952066421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6388784050941467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5733574032783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5560683608055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134342201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246859","display_name":"Probabilistic neural network","level":4,"score":0.5055944919586182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.485045850276947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.47172823548316956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4479142427444458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.07965967059135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129065705000013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065705000013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197665576","display_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","issn_l":"0129-0657","issn":["0129-0657","1793-6462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15912578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15912578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of neural systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.ntua.gr:123456789/27370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1142/S0129065705000013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196837","display_name":"DSpace - NTUA (National Technical University of Athens)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","host_organization_name":"National Technical University of Athens","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.ntua.gr:123456789/27370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1142/S0129065705000013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196837","display_name":"DSpace - NTUA (National Technical University of Athens)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","host_organization_name":"National Technical University of Athens","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41186048","https://openalex.org/W133576419","https://openalex.org/W1876967670","https://openalex.org/W1964168965","https://openalex.org/W1972697562","https://openalex.org/W1980854173","https://openalex.org/W1984557647","https://openalex.org/W1990620561","https://openalex.org/W2003304826","https://openalex.org/W2009231756","https://openalex.org/W2012374219","https://openalex.org/W2013180118","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2046796218","https://openalex.org/W2050551672","https://openalex.org/W2057993449","https://openalex.org/W2060203799","https://openalex.org/W2073070852","https://openalex.org/W2090337993","https://openalex.org/W2107903523","https://openalex.org/W2117435341","https://openalex.org/W2118020555","https://openalex.org/W2120994224","https://openalex.org/W2124861542","https://openalex.org/W2129700547","https://openalex.org/W2136673838","https://openalex.org/W2169402970","https://openalex.org/W2182044576","https://openalex.org/W2395467183","https://openalex.org/W2408168932","https://openalex.org/W2413984899","https://openalex.org/W2415439071","https://openalex.org/W2422568989","https://openalex.org/W2607189868","https://openalex.org/W2784481052","https://openalex.org/W4236074426","https://openalex.org/W4255289481","https://openalex.org/W4297792979"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381770184","https://openalex.org/W2067837718","https://openalex.org/W2345184372","https://openalex.org/W3013515612","https://openalex.org/W2136184105","https://openalex.org/W2187500075","https://openalex.org/W2041399278","https://openalex.org/W2355754418","https://openalex.org/W2336974148","https://openalex.org/W2048220287"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,34],"computer-aided":[1],"diagnosis":[2],"system":[3],"was":[4,39],"developed":[5],"for":[6,96],"assisting":[7],"brain":[8],"astrocytomas":[9],"malignancy":[10],"grading.":[11],"Microscopy":[12],"images":[13],"from":[14,53],"140":[15],"astrocytic":[16],"biopsies":[17],"were":[18,23,63,76],"digitized":[19],"and":[20,45,73,81],"cell":[21],"nuclei":[22,55],"automatically":[24],"segmented":[25,54,64],"using":[26],"a":[27,57,92],"Probabilistic":[28],"Neural":[29],"Network":[30],"pixel-based":[31],"clustering":[32],"algorithm.":[33],"decision":[35],"tree":[36],"classification":[37],"scheme":[38],"constructed":[40],"to":[41],"discriminate":[42],"low,":[43],"intermediate":[44],"high-grade":[46,74],"tumours":[47,75],"by":[48],"analyzing":[49],"nuclear":[50],"features":[51],"extracted":[52],"with":[56,65,78],"Support":[58],"Vector":[59],"Machine":[60],"classifier.":[61],"Nuclei":[62],"an":[66],"average":[67],"accuracy":[68],"of":[69],"86.5%.":[70],"Low,":[71],"intermediate,":[72],"identified":[77],"95%,":[79],"88.3%,":[80],"91%":[82],"accuracies":[83],"respectively.":[84],"The":[85],"proposed":[86],"algorithm":[87],"could":[88],"be":[89],"used":[90],"as":[91],"second":[93],"opinion":[94],"tool":[95],"the":[97],"histopathologists.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
