{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168298690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065700000156","title":"IMPLEMENTATION OF A PULSE COUPLED NEURAL NETWORK IN FPGA","display_name":"IMPLEMENTATION OF A PULSE COUPLED NEURAL NETWORK IN FPGA","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168298690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065700000156","mag":"2168298690","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11011789"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129065700000156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065700000156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197665576","display_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","issn_l":"0129-0657","issn":["0129-0657","1793-6462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089344823","display_name":"Joakim T. A. Waldemark","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090194","display_name":"Optronic (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/00ab43a31","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090194"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joakim Waldemark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optronic Consult i Norden AB, SE 193 27 Skellefte\u00e5, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optronic Consult i Norden AB, SE 193 27 Skellefte\u00e5, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016779762","display_name":"Mikael Millberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikael Millberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112162365","display_name":"Thomas Lindblad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Lindblad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047017700","display_name":"Karina E. Waldemark","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karina Waldemark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078757535","display_name":"Vlatko Be\u010danovi\u0107","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vlatko Becanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dept, Royal Institute of Technology, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089344823"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090194"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15189779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"03","first_page":"171","last_page":"177"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9017999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9017999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8544177412986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8159613609313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vhdl","display_name":"VHDL","score":0.7486628890037537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7273041009902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.49855542182922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4181895852088928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4174584150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3999876379966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.33369553089141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3279419243335724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8544177412986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8159613609313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36941000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209455","display_name":"VHDL","level":3,"score":0.7486628890037537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7273041009902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.49855542182922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4181895852088928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4174584150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3999876379966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.33369553089141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3279419243335724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000703","descriptor_name":"Analog-Digital Conversion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000703","descriptor_name":"Analog-Digital Conversion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000703","descriptor_name":"Analog-Digital Conversion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008328","descriptor_name":"Man-Machine Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008328","descriptor_name":"Man-Machine Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008328","descriptor_name":"Man-Machine Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129065700000156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129065700000156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197665576","display_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","issn_l":"0129-0657","issn":["0129-0657","1793-6462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11011789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11011789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of neural systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3217463396","https://openalex.org/W2790557758","https://openalex.org/W3004362061","https://openalex.org/W2364622490","https://openalex.org/W2042515040","https://openalex.org/W2383986884","https://openalex.org/W2356141508","https://openalex.org/W4297665406","https://openalex.org/W2749962643","https://openalex.org/W2390807153"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,50],"Pulse":[1],"Coupled":[2],"neural":[3,10],"network,":[4],"PCNN,":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,35,61,82,105],"biologically":[8],"inspired":[9],"net":[11],"and":[12,45,98],"it":[13],"can":[14],"be":[15,73,87],"used":[16],"in":[17,25],"various":[18],"image":[19,29],"analysis":[20],"applications,":[21],"e.g.":[22],"time-critical":[23],"applications":[24],"the":[26,39,46,58,77,96,101,110],"field":[27],"of":[28,38,65,100,107],"pre-processing":[30],"like":[31],"segmentation,":[32],"filtering,":[33],"etc.":[34,118],"VHDL":[36],"implementation":[37,51],"PCNN":[40,59],"targeting":[41],"FPGA":[42],"was":[43],"undertaken":[44],"results":[47],"presented":[48],"here.":[49],"contains":[52],"many":[53],"interesting":[54],"features.":[55],"By":[56,75],"pipelining":[57],"structure":[60],"very":[62],"high":[63],"throughput":[64],"55":[66],"million":[67],"neuron":[68],"iterations":[69],"per":[70],"second":[71],"could":[72,86],"achieved.":[74],"making":[76],"coefficients":[78],"re-configurable":[79],"during":[80],"operation,":[81],"complete":[83],"recognition":[84],"system":[85],"implemented":[88],"on":[89],"one,":[90],"or":[91],"maybe":[92],"two,":[93],"chip(s).":[94],"Reconsidering":[95],"ranges":[97],"resolutions":[99],"constants":[102],"may":[103],"save":[104],"lot":[106],"hardware,":[108],"since":[109],"higher":[111],"resolution":[112],"requires":[113],"larger":[114],"multipliers,":[115],"adders,":[116],"memories":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}