{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281640422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054122420047","title":"Multilayer Stacked Probabilistic Belief Network-Based Brain Tumor Segmentation and Classification","display_name":"Multilayer Stacked Probabilistic Belief Network-Based Brain Tumor Segmentation and Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281640422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054122420047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129054122420047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054122420047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061441269","display_name":"S Raghavendra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Raghavendra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077493115","display_name":"A. Harshavardhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2559-9713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801452159","display_name":"Vignana Jyothi Institute of Management","ror":"https://ror.org/02ken4f88","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801452159"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Harshavardhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801452159"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107991299","display_name":"S. Neelakandan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19926482","display_name":"Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/053hsst90","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19926482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154816","display_name":"R.M.D. Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/03gjktv92","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154816"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Neelakandan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, R.M.K. Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0517-7369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, R.M.K. Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19926482","https://openalex.org/I4387154816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067886907","display_name":"R. Partheepan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Partheepan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, J.N.N Institute of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, J.N.N Institute of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050805123","display_name":"Ranjan Walia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-9768"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranjan Walia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Model Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jammu and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Model Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068114879","display_name":"V. Chandra Shekhar Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28210344","display_name":"Kakatiya University","ror":"https://ror.org/012zpbg81","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28210344"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Chandra Shekhar Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, Telangana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28210344"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061441269"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4258,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89885562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"06n07","first_page":"559","last_page":"582"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6996036767959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6807801723480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.642046332359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5533226132392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.5347916483879089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5269625782966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.47428208589553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32268399000167847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6996036767959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6807801723480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.642046332359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5533226132392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.5347916483879089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5269625782966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.47428208589553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32268399000167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129054122420047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054122420047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1912355234","https://openalex.org/W1970298222","https://openalex.org/W2098056602","https://openalex.org/W2158670896","https://openalex.org/W2182098131","https://openalex.org/W2302541206","https://openalex.org/W2587180661","https://openalex.org/W2594020746","https://openalex.org/W2772670363","https://openalex.org/W2799476711","https://openalex.org/W2810138651","https://openalex.org/W2904208441","https://openalex.org/W2916213758","https://openalex.org/W2921483513","https://openalex.org/W2955805844","https://openalex.org/W2963356165","https://openalex.org/W2995378448","https://openalex.org/W3036138508","https://openalex.org/W3119429736","https://openalex.org/W3180545632","https://openalex.org/W3192230747","https://openalex.org/W3197622673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2517104666","https://openalex.org/W2005437358","https://openalex.org/W1669643531","https://openalex.org/W2008656436","https://openalex.org/W2134924024","https://openalex.org/W2023558673","https://openalex.org/W2110230079","https://openalex.org/W1982826852","https://openalex.org/W2613186388","https://openalex.org/W1967061043"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,26,33,59,65,88,108,114,280,313,323],"the":[2,6,23,49,60,71,89,105,111,164,171,186,194,203,205,209,215,229,245,259,272,290,299,305,318,326],"deadliest":[3],"diseases":[4],"in":[5,30,69,133,144,311,316,325],"world":[7],"is":[8,42,52,67,125,254,285],"brain":[9,51,115,161,166],"cancer.":[10],"Children":[11],"and":[12,28,36,63,97,110,177,293,321],"adults":[13],"are":[14,168],"also":[15,21,286],"susceptible":[16],"to":[17,100,104,158,257,298],"this":[18,145,148],"malignancy.":[19],"It":[20],"has":[22],"poorest":[24],"rate":[25],"survival":[27],"comes":[29],"a":[31,55,118,120,152,277],"variety":[32],"shapes,":[34],"textures,":[35],"sizes,":[37],"depending":[38],"on":[39,271],"where":[40],"it":[41],"found.":[43],"Bad":[44],"things":[45],"will":[46],"happen":[47],"if":[48],"tumour":[50,66,260],"misclassified.":[53],"As":[54,117],"reason,":[56],"early":[57],"detection":[58],"right":[61],"kind":[62],"grade":[64],"critical":[68],"determining":[70],"best":[72],"treatment":[73],"strategy.":[74],"Brain":[75],"tumours":[76],"may":[77,98],"be":[78,190,212,240],"identified":[79],"by":[80,184,192,227],"looking":[81],"at":[82],"magnetic":[83],"resonance":[84],"imaging":[85],"(MRI)":[86],"pictures":[87],"patient\u2019s":[90],"brain.":[91,328],"The":[92,236,265],"manual":[93],"method":[94],"becomes":[95],"time-consuming":[96],"lead":[99],"human":[101,327],"mistakes":[102],"due":[103],"huge":[106],"quantities":[107],"data":[109],"different":[112],"kinds":[113],"tumours.":[116],"result,":[119],"computer-assisted":[121],"diagnostic":[122],"(CAD)":[123],"system":[124,307],"needed.":[126],"Image":[127],"categorization":[128],"methods":[129,310],"have":[130,141],"advanced":[131],"significantly":[132],"recent":[134],"years,":[135],"particularly":[136],"deep":[137],"learning":[138],"networks,":[139],"which":[140,275],"achieved":[142],"success":[143],"field.":[146],"In":[147],"case,":[149],"we":[150],"used":[151,256],"multilayer":[153],"stacked":[154,250],"probabilistic":[155,251],"belief":[156,252],"network":[157,253],"accurately":[159],"classify":[160,258],"tumors.":[162],"Here":[163],"MRI":[165],"images":[167],"Pre-processed":[169],"using":[170,193,214,228],"Hybrid":[172],"Butter":[173],"worth":[174],"Anisotropic":[175],"filter":[176],"contrast":[178],"Blow":[179],"up":[180],"Histogram":[181],"Equalization.":[182],"Followed":[183],"pre-processing,":[185],"denoised":[187],"image":[188],"can":[189,211,223,239],"segmented":[191],"bounding":[195],"box":[196],"U-NET":[197],"segmentation":[198],"methodology.":[199],"Then":[200,220],"after":[201],"segmenting":[202],"target,":[204],"specialized":[206],"features":[207,238],"regarding":[208],"tumor":[210],"extracted":[213,237],"In-depth":[216],"atom":[217],"embedding":[218],"method.":[219],"they":[221],"obtained":[222],"reduce":[224],"feature":[225,231],"dimensionality":[226],"Backward":[230],"eliminating":[232],"green":[233],"wing":[234],"optimization.":[235],"given":[241],"as":[242,261],"input":[243],"for":[244],"classification":[246],"process.":[247],"A":[248],"Multilayer":[249],"then":[255],"malignant":[262],"or":[263],"benign.":[264],"suggested":[266,291],"system\u2019s":[267],"efficacy":[268],"was":[269],"tested":[270],"BraTS":[273],"dataset,":[274],"yielded":[276],"high":[278],"level":[279],"accuracy.":[281],"Subjective":[282],"comparison":[283],"study":[284],"performed":[287],"out":[288],"among":[289],"technique":[292],"certain":[294],"state-of-the-art":[295],"methods,":[296],"according":[297],"work":[300],"presented.":[301],"Experiments":[302],"show":[303],"that":[304],"proposed":[306],"outperforms":[308],"current":[309],"terms":[312],"assisting":[314],"radiologists":[315],"identifying":[317],"size,":[319],"shape,":[320],"location":[322],"tumors":[324]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
