{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4245302638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054114020031","title":"PREFACE","display_name":"PREFACE","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4245302638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054114020031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129054114020031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054114020031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019936163","display_name":"Marie-Pierre B\u00e9al","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0089-1486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152518","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge","ror":"https://ror.org/04t50yk91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I142631665","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210152518","https://openalex.org/I4210154111","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MARIE-PIERRE B\u00c9AL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d\u2019informatique Gaspard-Monge, 77454 Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d\u2019informatique Gaspard-Monge, 77454 Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152518"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025290597","display_name":"Olivier Carton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-6534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094115","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Algorithmique: Fondements et Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/00pbqgm18","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4210094115","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"OLIVIER CARTON","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIAFA, UMR 7089, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, case 7014, F-75205 Paris cedex 13, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIAFA, UMR 7089, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, case 7014, F-75205 Paris cedex 13, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094115","https://openalex.org/I204730241"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019936163"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152518"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72124683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"08","first_page":"933","last_page":"935"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12119","display_name":"Linguistics and Discourse Analysis","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12119","display_name":"Linguistics and Discourse Analysis","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.5332134962081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/download","display_name":"Download","score":0.4573497176170349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4564530849456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanities","display_name":"Humanities","score":0.37265169620513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-history","display_name":"Art history","score":0.3375137150287628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.3179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.22175827622413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.20205143094062805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.5332134962081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780154274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126717","display_name":"Download","level":2,"score":0.4573497176170349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4564530849456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.37265169620513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3375137150287628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.22175827622413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.20205143094062805}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129054114020031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054114020031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2183842793","https://openalex.org/W2485259751","https://openalex.org/W4243876796","https://openalex.org/W2485273903","https://openalex.org/W2497349655","https://openalex.org/W2790809966","https://openalex.org/W4287615848","https://openalex.org/W4291722174","https://openalex.org/W2489685223"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
