{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2088595983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054106004030","title":"ON SOME PROPERTIES OF THE LANGUAGE OF 2-COLLAPSING WORDS","display_name":"ON SOME PROPERTIES OF THE LANGUAGE OF 2-COLLAPSING WORDS","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2088595983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054106004030","mag":"2088595983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129054106004030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054106004030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087777800","display_name":"Elena V. Pribavkina","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ELENA V. PRIBAVKINA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Mechanics, Ural State University, 620083 Ekaterinburg, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Mechanics, Ural State University, 620083 Ekaterinburg, Russia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087777800"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9982,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76985413,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"03","first_page":"665","last_page":"676"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alphabet","display_name":"Alphabet","score":0.7130922079086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6128865480422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.5745101571083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5648009181022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4744190573692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-language","display_name":"Context-free language","score":0.42693209648132324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-language","display_name":"Regular language","score":0.42475730180740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.412982314825058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3954959809780121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.33278945088386536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.22994697093963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17602583765983582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.0758395791053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.07305169105529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.06512585282325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.0635296106338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.060181230306625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.051967084407806396}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112876837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837518","display_name":"Alphabet","level":2,"score":0.7130922079086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6128865480422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.5745101571083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5648009181022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4744190573692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198838072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729271","display_name":"Context-free language","level":3,"score":0.42693209648132324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52370388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752532","display_name":"Regular language","level":3,"score":0.42475730180740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.412982314825058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3954959809780121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.33278945088386536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.22994697093963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17602583765983582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0758395791053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.07305169105529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.06512585282325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0635296106338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.060181230306625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.051967084407806396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0129054106004030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0129054106004030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68047077","display_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","issn_l":"0129-0541","issn":["0129-0541","1793-6373"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505482284","https://openalex.org/W1514300176","https://openalex.org/W1596704898","https://openalex.org/W1964431911","https://openalex.org/W1981137089","https://openalex.org/W1991702245","https://openalex.org/W1992850142","https://openalex.org/W2024852470","https://openalex.org/W2325110332","https://openalex.org/W4292101339"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3088566498","https://openalex.org/W106154156","https://openalex.org/W133066696","https://openalex.org/W2354989635","https://openalex.org/W1484058952","https://openalex.org/W1979836160","https://openalex.org/W3120475523","https://openalex.org/W2057272273","https://openalex.org/W2048510","https://openalex.org/W2028755743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"two":[2],"new":[3],"results":[4],"on":[5],"2-collapsing":[6,16,32],"words.":[7],"First,":[8],"we":[9,25],"show":[10],"that":[11,27],"the":[12,28,47],"language":[13],"of":[14,30],"all":[15],"words":[17],"over":[18,34],"2":[19,44,53],"letters":[20],"is":[21,40],"not":[22],"context-free.":[23],"Second,":[24],"prove":[26],"length":[29],"a":[31],"word":[33],"an":[35],"arbitrary":[36],"finite":[37],"alphabet":[38],"\u03a3":[39],"at":[41],"least":[42],"2|\u03a3|":[43],"thus":[45],"improving":[46],"previously":[48],"known":[49],"lower":[50],"bound":[51],"|\u03a3|":[52],"+":[54],"1.":[55]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}