{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403813998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","title":"A machine learning approach to support decision in insider trading detection","display_name":"A machine learning approach to support decision in insider trading detection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403813998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","pdf_url":"https://epjdatascience.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2504380752","display_name":"EPJ Data Science","issn_l":"2193-1127","issn":["2193-1127"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EPJ Data Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://epjdatascience.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055576358","display_name":"Piero Mazzarisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7198-513X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157210198","display_name":"Scuola Normale Superiore","ror":"https://ror.org/03aydme10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157210198"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Piero Mazzarisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Economia Politica e Statistica, Universit\u00e0 di Siena, Siena, Italy","Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7198-513X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Economia Politica e Statistica, Universit\u00e0 di Siena, Siena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157210198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040151064","display_name":"Adele Ravagnani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0065-7454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157210198","display_name":"Scuola Normale Superiore","ror":"https://ror.org/03aydme10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157210198"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adele Ravagnani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157210198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075459713","display_name":"Paola Deriu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paola Deriu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consob, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consob, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016268748","display_name":"Fabrizio Lillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4931-4057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157210198","display_name":"Scuola Normale Superiore","ror":"https://ror.org/03aydme10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157210198"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Lillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Matematica, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Bologna, Italy","Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Matematica, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157210198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006824195","display_name":"Francesca Medda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7951-7680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Medda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consob, Rome, Italy","University College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consob, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022039896","display_name":"Antonio Russo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Russo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consob, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consob, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055576358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193","https://openalex.org/I157210198"],"apc_list":{"value":1190,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1459},"apc_paid":{"value":1817,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1959},"fwci":2.0761,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88079103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11326","display_name":"Stock Market Forecasting Methods","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insider-trading","display_name":"Insider trading","score":0.6063017845153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insider","display_name":"Insider","score":0.5863949060440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5705276131629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5641594529151917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44526711106300354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.18506202101707458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.11988267302513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.10480871796607971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.097444087266922}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781078320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854623","display_name":"Insider trading","level":2,"score":0.6063017845153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778971194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664551","display_name":"Insider","level":2,"score":0.5863949060440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5705276131629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5641594529151917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44526711106300354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.18506202101707458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11988267302513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.10480871796607971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.097444087266922}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","pdf_url":"https://epjdatascience.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2504380752","display_name":"EPJ Data Science","issn_l":"2193-1127","issn":["2193-1127"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EPJ Data Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1008270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://epjdatascience.springeropen.com/articles/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:26aa39bf79f641ef94dd78c680f72386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/26aa39bf79f641ef94dd78c680f72386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EPJ Data Science, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-44 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.sns.it:11384/147966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11384/147966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050981","display_name":"Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:usiena-air.unisi.it:11365/1276812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1276812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196319","display_name":"Use Siena air (University of Siena)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","host_organization_name":"University of Siena","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","pdf_url":"https://epjdatascience.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1140/epjds/s13688-024-00500-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2504380752","display_name":"EPJ Data Science","issn_l":"2193-1127","issn":["2193-1127"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EPJ Data Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403813998.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403813998.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965014932","https://openalex.org/W1979364655","https://openalex.org/W2000975802","https://openalex.org/W2010496837","https://openalex.org/W2050031929","https://openalex.org/W2058740981","https://openalex.org/W2070721801","https://openalex.org/W2087459024","https://openalex.org/W2089554624","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2118549680","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2134255060","https://openalex.org/W2134653421","https://openalex.org/W2150593711","https://openalex.org/W2164202746","https://openalex.org/W2172852798","https://openalex.org/W2237216255","https://openalex.org/W2337344967","https://openalex.org/W2512714520","https://openalex.org/W2606021539","https://openalex.org/W2771133578","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2946396720","https://openalex.org/W2947374857","https://openalex.org/W3099768174","https://openalex.org/W3100019474","https://openalex.org/W3101409477","https://openalex.org/W3105650626","https://openalex.org/W3121287411","https://openalex.org/W3121585434","https://openalex.org/W3125753879","https://openalex.org/W3145074154","https://openalex.org/W3177233051","https://openalex.org/W3192495122","https://openalex.org/W4245050711","https://openalex.org/W4253794406","https://openalex.org/W4309468025"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382215091","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W273314610","https://openalex.org/W133454161","https://openalex.org/W1997106033","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identifying":[0],"market":[1,37],"abuse":[2],"activity":[3,9,70,87],"from":[4],"data":[5,16,146],"on":[6,83],"investors\u2019":[7],"trading":[8,44,69,80,86,123],"is":[10],"very":[11],"challenging":[12],"both":[13],"for":[14,19],"the":[15,20,54,68,84,131],"volume":[17],"and":[18,82],"low":[21],"signal":[22],"to":[23,35,51,76,110,143],"noise":[24],"ratio.":[25],"Here":[26],"we":[27,139],"propose":[28],"two":[29],"complementary":[30],"unsupervised":[31,93],"machine":[32],"learning":[33],"methods":[34,142],"support":[36],"surveillance":[38],"aimed":[39],"at":[40,96],"identifying":[41,97],"potential":[42,111],"insider":[43,112],"activities.":[45],"The":[46,91],"first":[47],"one":[48],"uses":[49],"clustering":[50],"identify,":[52],"in":[53,67,124,127],"vicinity":[55],"of":[56,71,88,100,117,147],"a":[57,63,115,128,136],"price":[58,106,132],"sensitive":[59,107,133],"event":[60],"such":[61],"as":[62],"takeover":[64,151],"bid,":[65],"discontinuities":[66],"an":[72],"investor":[73,144],"with":[74],"respect":[75],"her":[77,89],"own":[78],"past":[79],"history":[81],"present":[85],"peers.":[90],"second":[92],"approach":[94],"aims":[95],"(small)":[98],"groups":[99],"investors":[101],"that":[102],"act":[103],"coherently":[104],"around":[105,150],"events,":[108],"pointing":[109],"rings,":[113],"i.e.":[114],"group":[116],"synchronised":[118],"traders":[119],"displaying":[120],"strong":[121],"directional":[122],"rewarding":[125],"position":[126],"period":[129],"before":[130],"event.":[134],"As":[135],"case":[137],"study,":[138],"apply":[140],"our":[141],"resolved":[145],"Italian":[148],"stocks":[149],"bids.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}