{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2065160440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1137/s0097539793255527","title":"Performing Work Efficiently in the Presence of Faults","display_name":"Performing Work Efficiently in the Presence of Faults","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2065160440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1137/s0097539793255527","mag":"2065160440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1137/s0097539793255527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1137/s0097539793255527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153560523","display_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","issn_l":"0097-5397","issn":["0097-5397","1095-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320508","host_organization_name":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011820318","display_name":"Cynthia Dwork","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7177-3738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia Dwork","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, K53-B2, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120-6099"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, K53-B2, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120-6099","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087025582","display_name":"Joseph Y. Halpern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9229-1663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Y. Halpern","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, K53-B2, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120-6099"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, K53-B2, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120-6099","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058429350","display_name":"Orli Waarts","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134446601","display_name":"Berkeley College","ror":"https://ror.org/02xewxa75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134446601"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orli Waarts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Division, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Division, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134446601","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94541192,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"5","first_page":"1457","last_page":"1491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.7373342514038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6934419274330139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5535962581634521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.550475001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-logarithm","display_name":"Binary logarithm","score":0.5402275323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5277438759803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/running-time","display_name":"Running time","score":0.41685670614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3686251938343048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3656046688556671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.32662874460220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.28296566009521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2785645127296448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26353830099105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1167471706867218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11306202411651611}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.7373342514038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6934419274330139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5535962581634521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.550475001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63553672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581168","display_name":"Binary logarithm","level":2,"score":0.5402275323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5277438759803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017489831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Running time","level":2,"score":0.41685670614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3686251938343048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3656046688556671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.32662874460220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.28296566009521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2785645127296448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26353830099105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1167471706867218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11306202411651611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1137/s0097539793255527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1137/s0097539793255527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153560523","display_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","issn_l":"0097-5397","issn":["0097-5397","1095-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320508","host_organization_name":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7781771090","display_name":"Research in Programming Language Structures:                Types and Concurrency","funder_award_id":"8814921","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8876996369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994657234","https://openalex.org/W2012472438","https://openalex.org/W2016263530","https://openalex.org/W2058777482","https://openalex.org/W2065180040","https://openalex.org/W2069716047","https://openalex.org/W2133943294","https://openalex.org/W2158446672"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974895073","https://openalex.org/W2004283824","https://openalex.org/W2113270940","https://openalex.org/W1581210843","https://openalex.org/W1998702677","https://openalex.org/W1992104669","https://openalex.org/W1982530285","https://openalex.org/W2521054645","https://openalex.org/W1830048115","https://openalex.org/W2515993118"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,59,80],"consider":[1,60],"a":[2,128],"system":[3,125],"of":[4,26,41,54,65,71,73,173],"t":[5],"synchronous":[6],"processes":[7,20],"that":[8,37],"communicate":[9],"only":[10,135],"by":[11,31],"sending":[12],"messages":[13,66],"to":[14,35,119],"one":[15,48],"another,":[16],"and":[17,78,109,164],"together":[18],"the":[19,42,63,68,86,102,155,171],"must":[21],"perform":[22],"n":[23,52],"independent":[24],"units":[25,53,72],"work.":[27,95],"Processes":[28],"may":[29],"fail":[30],"crashing;":[32],"we":[33],"want":[34],"guarantee":[36],"in":[38,44,101,121,154,158],"every":[39],"execution":[40],"protocol":[43,114],"which":[45,159],"at":[46],"least":[47],"process":[49],"survives,":[50],"all":[51],"work":[55,74,91],"will":[56],"be":[57,116],"performed.":[58],"three":[61,82,89],"parameters:":[62],"number":[64,70,172],"sent,":[67],"total":[69],"performed":[75],"(including":[76],"multiplicities),":[77],"time.":[79,112],"present":[81],"protocols":[83],"for":[84],"solving":[85],"problem.":[87],"All":[88],"are":[90,161],"optimal,":[92],"doing":[93],"O(n+t)":[94,111],"The":[96,132,148],"first":[97],"has":[98],"moderate":[99],"costs":[100],"remaining":[103],"two":[104],"parameters,":[105],"sends":[106,134],"$O(t\\sqrt{t})$":[107],"messages,":[108,139],"takes":[110],"This":[113],"can":[115],"easily":[117],"modified":[118],"run":[120],"any":[122],"completely":[123],"asynchronous":[124],"equipped":[126],"with":[127],"failure":[129],"detection":[130],"mechanism.":[131],"second":[133],"O(t":[136],"log":[137],"t)":[138],"but":[140],"its":[141,165],"running":[142],"time":[143,152,166],"is":[144,150],"large":[145],"(O(t2(n+t)":[146],"2n+t)).":[147],"third":[149],"essentially":[151],"optimal":[153],"(usual)":[156],"case":[157],"there":[160],"no":[162],"failures,":[163],"complexity":[167],"degrades":[168],"gracefully":[169],"as":[170],"failures":[174],"increases.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}