{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133626129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1137/120882093","title":"Community Detection Using Spectral Clustering on Sparse Geosocial Data","display_name":"Community Detection Using Spectral Clustering on Sparse Geosocial Data","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133626129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1137/120882093","mag":"2133626129"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1137/120882093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1137/120882093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77200987","display_name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0036-1399","issn":["0036-1399","1095-712X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320508","host_organization_name":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054207716","display_name":"Yves van Gennip","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-8314"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yves van Gennip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005758423","display_name":"Blake Hunter","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blake Hunter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007584897","display_name":"Raymond Ahn","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, CSULB \u2021 Department of Physics, Yale"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, CSULB \u2021 Department of Physics, Yale","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110033448","display_name":"Peter Elliott","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Elliott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051623875","display_name":"Kyle Luh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1822-3443"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle Luh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017820659","display_name":"Megan Halvorson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149655","display_name":"Institute of Criminology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqnb117","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Megan Halvorson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050093898","display_name":"Shannon E. Reid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149655","display_name":"Institute of Criminology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqnb117","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shannon Reid","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017362351","display_name":"Matthew Valasik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-2008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149655","display_name":"Institute of Criminology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqnb117","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Valasik","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059853459","display_name":"James C. Wo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9410-0712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149655","display_name":"Institute of Criminology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqnb117","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Wo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040018114","display_name":"George Tita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5409-6763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149655","display_name":"Institute of Criminology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqnb117","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George E. Tita","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Ecology, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, UCI \u00b6 Department of Anthropology, UCLA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090707978","display_name":"Andrea L. Bertozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-7391"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea L. Bertozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, UCLA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080042065","display_name":"P. Jeffrey Brantingham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1079-0053"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Jeffrey Brantingham","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054207716"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8705,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93893886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"1","first_page":"67","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9498999714851379,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7608219385147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.701783299446106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6279184222221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5872625112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-clustering","display_name":"Spectral clustering","score":0.492213636636734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.48433125019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.43928948044776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22332876920700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.17332902550697327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7608219385147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.701783299446106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6279184222221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5872625112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105611402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2976589","display_name":"Spectral clustering","level":3,"score":0.492213636636734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.48433125019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.43928948044776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22332876920700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.17332902550697327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1137/120882093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1137/120882093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77200987","display_name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0036-1399","issn":["0036-1399","1095-712X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320508","host_organization_name":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109869499","https://openalex.org/W1481356729","https://openalex.org/W1973899085","https://openalex.org/W1984760895","https://openalex.org/W1989524890","https://openalex.org/W1993028176","https://openalex.org/W1996953833","https://openalex.org/W2007680066","https://openalex.org/W2010411707","https://openalex.org/W2010464263","https://openalex.org/W2013878718","https://openalex.org/W2017641901","https://openalex.org/W2074617510","https://openalex.org/W2095293504","https://openalex.org/W2117741752","https://openalex.org/W2121947440","https://openalex.org/W2123906784","https://openalex.org/W2132914434","https://openalex.org/W2136396015","https://openalex.org/W2151936673","https://openalex.org/W2153862818","https://openalex.org/W2157305458","https://openalex.org/W2169741206","https://openalex.org/W3103643658"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2607400777","https://openalex.org/W3165971014","https://openalex.org/W2745001864","https://openalex.org/W1457719682","https://openalex.org/W4312820490","https://openalex.org/W3093370640","https://openalex.org/W2762277149","https://openalex.org/W2532531558","https://openalex.org/W4246510521","https://openalex.org/W2728991141"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,109],"article":[2],"we":[3,104],"identify":[4,61],"social":[5,26],"communities":[6,68],"among":[7],"gang":[8,81],"members":[9],"in":[10,15,63,69],"the":[11,32,54,64,75,79,89,97,100,106,122],"Hollenbeck":[12],"policing":[13],"district":[14],"Los":[16,38],"Angeles,":[17],"based":[18],"on":[19,99],"sparse":[20],"observations":[21],"of":[22,25,31,78,87,108,125,129],"a":[23,50,93],"combination":[24],"interactions":[27],"and":[28,71,96,115],"geographic":[29],"locations":[30],"individuals.":[33,55],"This":[34],"information,":[35],"coming":[36],"from":[37],"Angeles":[39],"Police":[40],"Department":[41],"(LAPD)":[42],"Field":[43],"Interview":[44],"cards,":[45],"is":[46],"used":[47],"to":[48,60,67,113],"construct":[49],"similarity":[51],"graph":[52,94],"for":[53],"We":[56,83],"use":[57],"spectral":[58],"clustering":[59],"clusters":[62],"graph,":[65],"corresponding":[66],"Hollenbeck,":[70],"compare":[72],"these":[73],"with":[74,111],"LAPD's":[76],"knowledge":[77],"individuals'":[80],"membership.":[82],"discuss":[84],"different":[85],"ways":[86],"encoding":[88],"geosocial":[90],"information":[91],"using":[92],"structure":[95],"influence":[98],"resulting":[101],"clusterings.":[102],"Finally":[103],"analyze":[105],"robustness":[107],"technique":[110],"respect":[112],"noisy":[114],"incomplete":[116],"data,":[117],"thereby":[118],"providing":[119],"suggestions":[120],"about":[121],"relative":[123],"importance":[124],"quantity":[126],"versus":[127],"quality":[128],"collected":[130],"data.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
